Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization
Anaerobic fungi, though low in abundance in rumen, play an important role in the degradation of forage for herbivores. When only anaerobic fungi exist in the fermentation system, the continuous accumulation of metabolites (e.g., hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and formate) generated from their...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/4/338 |
| _version_ | 1797410584003608576 |
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| author | Jing Ma Pei Zhong Yuqi Li Zhanying Sun Xiaoni Sun Min Aung Lizhuang Hao Yanfen Cheng Weiyun Zhu |
| author_facet | Jing Ma Pei Zhong Yuqi Li Zhanying Sun Xiaoni Sun Min Aung Lizhuang Hao Yanfen Cheng Weiyun Zhu |
| author_sort | Jing Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Anaerobic fungi, though low in abundance in rumen, play an important role in the degradation of forage for herbivores. When only anaerobic fungi exist in the fermentation system, the continuous accumulation of metabolites (e.g., hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and formate) generated from their special metabolic organelles—the hydrogenosome—inhibits the enzymatic reactions in the hydrogenosome and reduces the activity of the anaerobic fungi. However, due to interspecific H<sub>2</sub> transfer, H<sub>2</sub> produced by the hydrogenosome can be used by other microorganisms to form valued bioproducts. This symbiotic interaction between anaerobic fungi and other microorganisms can be used to improve the nutritional value of animal feeds and produce value-added products that are normally in low concentrations in the fermentation system. Because of the important role in the generation and further utilization of H<sub>2</sub>, the study of the hydrogensome is increasingly becoming an important part of the development of anaerobic fungi as model organisms that can effectively improve the utilization value of roughage. Here, we summarize and discuss the classification and the process of biomass degradation of anaerobic fungi and the metabolism and function of anaerobic fungal hydrogensome, with a focus on the potential role of the hydrogensome in the efficient utilization of biomass. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:32:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbce4bff277b473980ecbee9d12256a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:32:18Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbce4bff277b473980ecbee9d12256a32023-12-03T13:34:22ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-03-018433810.3390/jof8040338Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass UtilizationJing Ma0Pei Zhong1Yuqi Li2Zhanying Sun3Xiaoni Sun4Min Aung5Lizhuang Hao6Yanfen Cheng7Weiyun Zhu8Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaKey Laboratory of Plateau Grazing Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Qinghai Province, State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai Plateau Yak Research Center, Qinghai Academy of Science and Veterinary Medicine of Qinghai University, Xining 810016, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaLaboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaAnaerobic fungi, though low in abundance in rumen, play an important role in the degradation of forage for herbivores. When only anaerobic fungi exist in the fermentation system, the continuous accumulation of metabolites (e.g., hydrogen (H<sub>2</sub>) and formate) generated from their special metabolic organelles—the hydrogenosome—inhibits the enzymatic reactions in the hydrogenosome and reduces the activity of the anaerobic fungi. However, due to interspecific H<sub>2</sub> transfer, H<sub>2</sub> produced by the hydrogenosome can be used by other microorganisms to form valued bioproducts. This symbiotic interaction between anaerobic fungi and other microorganisms can be used to improve the nutritional value of animal feeds and produce value-added products that are normally in low concentrations in the fermentation system. Because of the important role in the generation and further utilization of H<sub>2</sub>, the study of the hydrogensome is increasingly becoming an important part of the development of anaerobic fungi as model organisms that can effectively improve the utilization value of roughage. Here, we summarize and discuss the classification and the process of biomass degradation of anaerobic fungi and the metabolism and function of anaerobic fungal hydrogensome, with a focus on the potential role of the hydrogensome in the efficient utilization of biomass.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/4/338anaerobic fungihydrogenosomefiber utilizationrenewable resources |
| spellingShingle | Jing Ma Pei Zhong Yuqi Li Zhanying Sun Xiaoni Sun Min Aung Lizhuang Hao Yanfen Cheng Weiyun Zhu Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization Journal of Fungi anaerobic fungi hydrogenosome fiber utilization renewable resources |
| title | Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization |
| title_full | Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization |
| title_fullStr | Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization |
| title_short | Hydrogenosome, Pairing Anaerobic Fungi and H<sub>2</sub>-Utilizing Microorganisms Based on Metabolic Ties to Facilitate Biomass Utilization |
| title_sort | hydrogenosome pairing anaerobic fungi and h sub 2 sub utilizing microorganisms based on metabolic ties to facilitate biomass utilization |
| topic | anaerobic fungi hydrogenosome fiber utilization renewable resources |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/4/338 |
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