Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
Muhammad Fawad Rasool,1 Rimsha Sarwar,1 Muhammad Subhan Arshad,1,2 Imran Imran,3 Hamid Saeed,4 Abdul Majeed,1 Muqarrab Akbar,5 Muhammad Omer Chaudhry,6 Anees ur Rehman,1 Waseem Ashraf,3 Tanveer Ahmad,7 Waleed Badoghaish,8 Faleh Alqahtani9 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahaud...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Risk Management and Healthcare Policy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/assessing-the-frequency-and-risk-factors-associated-with-gastroesophag-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-RMHP |
| _version_ | 1818742868633714688 |
|---|---|
| author | Rasool MF Sarwar R Arshad MS Imran I Saeed H Majeed A Akbar M Chaudhry MO Rehman AU Ashraf W Ahmad T Badoghaish W Alqahtani F |
| author_facet | Rasool MF Sarwar R Arshad MS Imran I Saeed H Majeed A Akbar M Chaudhry MO Rehman AU Ashraf W Ahmad T Badoghaish W Alqahtani F |
| author_sort | Rasool MF |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Muhammad Fawad Rasool,1 Rimsha Sarwar,1 Muhammad Subhan Arshad,1,2 Imran Imran,3 Hamid Saeed,4 Abdul Majeed,1 Muqarrab Akbar,5 Muhammad Omer Chaudhry,6 Anees ur Rehman,1 Waseem Ashraf,3 Tanveer Ahmad,7 Waleed Badoghaish,8 Faleh Alqahtani9 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 2Department of Pharmacy, Southern Punjab Institute of Health Sciences, Multan, 60000, Pakistan; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 4University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; 5Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 6School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 7Institute for Advanced Biosciences (Iab), CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, Grenoble Alpes University, La Tronche, 38700, France; 8Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71411, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Muhammad Fawad Rasool; Faleh Alqahtani Email fawadrasool@bzu.edu.pk; afaleh@ksu.edu.saPurpose: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder with modifiable risk factors and it is associated with considerable health and economic burden. The current study was conducted to assess the frequency and risk factors related to GERD in the previously unstudied population of Southern Punjab, Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for assessing the frequency and risk factors of GERD by using a self-administered questionnaire. The gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ) was utilized to detect the presence of the disease.Results: The study included 308 participants; among them, 55.2% were female and 44.8% were male. The participants diagnosed with GERD (GerdQ score ≥ 8) were 26.6%. The various risk factors like higher BMI, past disease and smoking history, frequent use of NSAIDs, soft drinks, pickles, and spicy foods were significantly associated with GERD.Conclusion: The present study showed that GERD is prevalent in Southern Punjab and is associated with various modifiable risk factors. The ascendance of GERD can be prevented by public health education and awareness campaigns.Keywords: gastroesophageal reflux, GERD, risk factors, Southern Punjab |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T02:19:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbd13cd1de9e44ddbc8cb819c6d81b38 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-1594 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T02:19:21Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Risk Management and Healthcare Policy |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbd13cd1de9e44ddbc8cb819c6d81b382022-12-21T21:24:19ZengDove Medical PressRisk Management and Healthcare Policy1179-15942021-11-01Volume 144619462570520Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, PakistanRasool MFSarwar RArshad MSImran ISaeed HMajeed AAkbar MChaudhry MORehman AUAshraf WAhmad TBadoghaish WAlqahtani FMuhammad Fawad Rasool,1 Rimsha Sarwar,1 Muhammad Subhan Arshad,1,2 Imran Imran,3 Hamid Saeed,4 Abdul Majeed,1 Muqarrab Akbar,5 Muhammad Omer Chaudhry,6 Anees ur Rehman,1 Waseem Ashraf,3 Tanveer Ahmad,7 Waleed Badoghaish,8 Faleh Alqahtani9 1Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 2Department of Pharmacy, Southern Punjab Institute of Health Sciences, Multan, 60000, Pakistan; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 4University College of Pharmacy, Allama Iqbal Campus, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan; 5Department of Political Science, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 6School of Economics, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, 60800, Pakistan; 7Institute for Advanced Biosciences (Iab), CNRS UMR5309, INSERM U1209, Grenoble Alpes University, La Tronche, 38700, France; 8Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71411, Saudi Arabia; 9Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi ArabiaCorrespondence: Muhammad Fawad Rasool; Faleh Alqahtani Email fawadrasool@bzu.edu.pk; afaleh@ksu.edu.saPurpose: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder with modifiable risk factors and it is associated with considerable health and economic burden. The current study was conducted to assess the frequency and risk factors related to GERD in the previously unstudied population of Southern Punjab, Pakistan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted for assessing the frequency and risk factors of GERD by using a self-administered questionnaire. The gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GerdQ) was utilized to detect the presence of the disease.Results: The study included 308 participants; among them, 55.2% were female and 44.8% were male. The participants diagnosed with GERD (GerdQ score ≥ 8) were 26.6%. The various risk factors like higher BMI, past disease and smoking history, frequent use of NSAIDs, soft drinks, pickles, and spicy foods were significantly associated with GERD.Conclusion: The present study showed that GERD is prevalent in Southern Punjab and is associated with various modifiable risk factors. The ascendance of GERD can be prevented by public health education and awareness campaigns.Keywords: gastroesophageal reflux, GERD, risk factors, Southern Punjabhttps://www.dovepress.com/assessing-the-frequency-and-risk-factors-associated-with-gastroesophag-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-RMHPgastroesophageal refluxgerdrisk factorssouthern punjab |
| spellingShingle | Rasool MF Sarwar R Arshad MS Imran I Saeed H Majeed A Akbar M Chaudhry MO Rehman AU Ashraf W Ahmad T Badoghaish W Alqahtani F Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan Risk Management and Healthcare Policy gastroesophageal reflux gerd risk factors southern punjab |
| title | Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_full | Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_short | Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan |
| title_sort | assessing the frequency and risk factors associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease gerd in southern punjab pakistan |
| topic | gastroesophageal reflux gerd risk factors southern punjab |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/assessing-the-frequency-and-risk-factors-associated-with-gastroesophag-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-RMHP |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rasoolmf assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT sarwarr assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT arshadms assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT imrani assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT saeedh assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT majeeda assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT akbarm assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT chaudhrymo assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT rehmanau assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT ashrafw assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT ahmadt assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT badoghaishw assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan AT alqahtanif assessingthefrequencyandriskfactorsassociatedwithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseasegerdinsouthernpunjabpakistan |