Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students
<i>Background:</i> Opioid overdoses continue to be one of the most urgent public health priorities. In 2020, reported overdose deaths in the United States reached a high of over 93,000 cases. As the COVID-19 pandemic and opioid crisis continues to be addressed, life-saving agents must be...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Pharmacy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/10/6/153 |
| _version_ | 1827637247872073728 |
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| author | Jennifer Courtney Eugene Kreys Bryan Luu Tiffany Kreys Ruth Vinall Vy Quang Erika Titus-Lay |
| author_facet | Jennifer Courtney Eugene Kreys Bryan Luu Tiffany Kreys Ruth Vinall Vy Quang Erika Titus-Lay |
| author_sort | Jennifer Courtney |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Background:</i> Opioid overdoses continue to be one of the most urgent public health priorities. In 2020, reported overdose deaths in the United States reached a high of over 93,000 cases. As the COVID-19 pandemic and opioid crisis continues to be addressed, life-saving agents must be more widely accessible to those with a high overdose risk. An essential step to increasing access is to train student pharmacists to dispense naloxone. Once licensed, the number of personnel authorized to dispense naloxone can increase. <i>Objectives:</i> To design a training program to educate second-year pharmacy (P2) students on furnishing naloxone under a state protocol. <i>Methods:</i> A multi-phased curriculum-based naloxone training program was delivered to P2 students and included lecture-based education, team-based learning (TBL) applications, case-based scenarios, and summative assessments to improve student knowledge and confidence in furnishing naloxone. Students were surveyed on their knowledge and confidence with naloxone prior to training, after the in-class training and TBL applications and after three assessments. Assessments included simulated patient counseling, case-based scenarios, and proper dispensing of naloxone in a community pharmacy simulation lab. <i>Results:</i> A total of 185 student pharmacists completed the naloxone training program and 68 completed all three surveys. Average scores for naloxone assessments were 83% for the APPS lab patient case, 90.5% for the prescription label typed for the naloxone product, and 88.5% for patient counseling. Statistically significant increases in knowledge-based quiz-like scores (42.1% after training vs. 7.2% after assessment) and in the proportion of students affirmatively answering survey questions after training and assessment was observed. <i>Conclusion:</i> Multi-phase curriculum-based naloxone training program improved pharmacy student knowledge and confidence in furnishing naloxone under a state BOP protocol. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:57:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbd5998f227a414f8bb00e7445176e2e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2226-4787 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:57:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmacy |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbd5998f227a414f8bb00e7445176e2e2023-11-24T17:23:20ZengMDPI AGPharmacy2226-47872022-11-0110615310.3390/pharmacy10060153Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy StudentsJennifer Courtney0Eugene Kreys1Bryan Luu2Tiffany Kreys3Ruth Vinall4Vy Quang5Erika Titus-Lay6College of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USACollege of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USACollege of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USACollege of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USACollege of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USACollege of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USACollege of Pharmacy, California Northstate University, 9700 W Taron Drive, Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA<i>Background:</i> Opioid overdoses continue to be one of the most urgent public health priorities. In 2020, reported overdose deaths in the United States reached a high of over 93,000 cases. As the COVID-19 pandemic and opioid crisis continues to be addressed, life-saving agents must be more widely accessible to those with a high overdose risk. An essential step to increasing access is to train student pharmacists to dispense naloxone. Once licensed, the number of personnel authorized to dispense naloxone can increase. <i>Objectives:</i> To design a training program to educate second-year pharmacy (P2) students on furnishing naloxone under a state protocol. <i>Methods:</i> A multi-phased curriculum-based naloxone training program was delivered to P2 students and included lecture-based education, team-based learning (TBL) applications, case-based scenarios, and summative assessments to improve student knowledge and confidence in furnishing naloxone. Students were surveyed on their knowledge and confidence with naloxone prior to training, after the in-class training and TBL applications and after three assessments. Assessments included simulated patient counseling, case-based scenarios, and proper dispensing of naloxone in a community pharmacy simulation lab. <i>Results:</i> A total of 185 student pharmacists completed the naloxone training program and 68 completed all three surveys. Average scores for naloxone assessments were 83% for the APPS lab patient case, 90.5% for the prescription label typed for the naloxone product, and 88.5% for patient counseling. Statistically significant increases in knowledge-based quiz-like scores (42.1% after training vs. 7.2% after assessment) and in the proportion of students affirmatively answering survey questions after training and assessment was observed. <i>Conclusion:</i> Multi-phase curriculum-based naloxone training program improved pharmacy student knowledge and confidence in furnishing naloxone under a state BOP protocol.https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/10/6/153naloxonepharmacy studentscurriculumprotocoloverdoseopioids |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer Courtney Eugene Kreys Bryan Luu Tiffany Kreys Ruth Vinall Vy Quang Erika Titus-Lay Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students Pharmacy naloxone pharmacy students curriculum protocol overdose opioids |
| title | Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students |
| title_full | Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students |
| title_short | Effectiveness of an Advanced Naloxone Training, Simulation, and Assessment of Second-Year Pharmacy Students |
| title_sort | effectiveness of an advanced naloxone training simulation and assessment of second year pharmacy students |
| topic | naloxone pharmacy students curriculum protocol overdose opioids |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2226-4787/10/6/153 |
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