Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke
Ischemic stroke (IS) is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Multimodal neuroimaging techniques that have significantly facilitated the diagnosis of hyperacute IS are not widely used in underdeveloped areas and community hospitals owing to drawbacks such as high cost and lack of trained oper...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.634717/full |
| _version_ | 1818438841763102720 |
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| author | Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Cui Yang Cui Yang Xiaoming Wang Yang Xiang |
| author_facet | Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Cui Yang Cui Yang Xiaoming Wang Yang Xiang |
| author_sort | Zhilan Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ischemic stroke (IS) is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Multimodal neuroimaging techniques that have significantly facilitated the diagnosis of hyperacute IS are not widely used in underdeveloped areas and community hospitals owing to drawbacks such as high cost and lack of trained operators. Moreover, these methods do not have sufficient resolution to detect changes in the brain at the cellular and molecular levels after IS onset. In contrast, blood-based biomarkers can reflect molecular and biochemical alterations in both normal and pathophysiologic processes including angiogenesis, metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, thrombosis, glial activation, and neuronal and vascular injury, and can thus provide information complementary to findings from routine examinations and neuroimaging that is useful for diagnosis. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on blood-based biomarkers of hyperacute IS including those associated with neuronal injury, glial activation, inflammation and oxidative stress, vascular injury and angiogenesis, coagulation and thrombosis, and metabolism as well as genetic and genomic biomarkers. Meanwhile, the blood sampling time of the biomarkers which are cited and summarized in the review is within 6 h after the onset of IS. Additionally, we also discuss the diagnostic and prognostic value of blood-based biomarkers in stroke patients, and future directions for their clinical application and development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:46:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cbed54ebebf944a6b0374d7dbb012980 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T17:46:59Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-cbed54ebebf944a6b0374d7dbb0129802022-12-21T22:52:44ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952021-06-011210.3389/fneur.2021.634717634717Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic StrokeZhilan Liu0Zhilan Liu1Zhilan Liu2Zhilan Liu3Cui Yang4Cui Yang5Xiaoming Wang6Yang Xiang7Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, ChinaKey Laboratory of Psychosomatic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, ChinaNorth Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, ChinaInstitute of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, ChinaDepartment of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, ChinaIschemic stroke (IS) is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Multimodal neuroimaging techniques that have significantly facilitated the diagnosis of hyperacute IS are not widely used in underdeveloped areas and community hospitals owing to drawbacks such as high cost and lack of trained operators. Moreover, these methods do not have sufficient resolution to detect changes in the brain at the cellular and molecular levels after IS onset. In contrast, blood-based biomarkers can reflect molecular and biochemical alterations in both normal and pathophysiologic processes including angiogenesis, metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, coagulation, thrombosis, glial activation, and neuronal and vascular injury, and can thus provide information complementary to findings from routine examinations and neuroimaging that is useful for diagnosis. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on blood-based biomarkers of hyperacute IS including those associated with neuronal injury, glial activation, inflammation and oxidative stress, vascular injury and angiogenesis, coagulation and thrombosis, and metabolism as well as genetic and genomic biomarkers. Meanwhile, the blood sampling time of the biomarkers which are cited and summarized in the review is within 6 h after the onset of IS. Additionally, we also discuss the diagnostic and prognostic value of blood-based biomarkers in stroke patients, and future directions for their clinical application and development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.634717/fullhyperacute ischemic strokeblood-based biomarkergenetic and genomicglial activationneuronal injuryoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Zhilan Liu Cui Yang Cui Yang Xiaoming Wang Yang Xiang Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke Frontiers in Neurology hyperacute ischemic stroke blood-based biomarker genetic and genomic glial activation neuronal injury oxidative stress |
| title | Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_full | Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_fullStr | Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_full_unstemmed | Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_short | Blood-Based Biomarkers: A Forgotten Friend of Hyperacute Ischemic Stroke |
| title_sort | blood based biomarkers a forgotten friend of hyperacute ischemic stroke |
| topic | hyperacute ischemic stroke blood-based biomarker genetic and genomic glial activation neuronal injury oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2021.634717/full |
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