Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives
Tunnels located in cold regions are vulnerable to frost damage resulting from the special atmosphere, which directly threatens the safety of the tunnel structure and operation. Frost problems of tunnels in cold regions have not been fundamentally resolved. This paper reviews design theory and the fr...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/369 |
| _version_ | 1797622441260875776 |
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| author | Yuanfu Zhou Min Liu Xuefu Zhang Xiaoqing Suo Mingyong Li |
| author_facet | Yuanfu Zhou Min Liu Xuefu Zhang Xiaoqing Suo Mingyong Li |
| author_sort | Yuanfu Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tunnels located in cold regions are vulnerable to frost damage resulting from the special atmosphere, which directly threatens the safety of the tunnel structure and operation. Frost problems of tunnels in cold regions have not been fundamentally resolved. This paper reviews design theory and the frost mitigation techniques currently used in the design, construction and maintenance of cold region tunnels. The depths of freezing and thawing and frost heaving force are the key indexes of design theory. Insulation is the main design technology used to prevent frost heaving and thawing, and the active heating technology has also been applied in practice. In construction, reducing the heat of hydration and blasting by specific winter construction techniques can prevent tunnel freeze–thaw damages. In operation, the restoration of drainage systems, the reinforcement of structures and the reinstallation of freezing-prevention systems are effective measures to treat frost problems. Finally, some constructive suggestions and opinions are put forward to improve the service performance of tunnels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:10:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc16305ecae849df90f9eec32061a87a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:10:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc16305ecae849df90f9eec32061a87a2023-11-16T19:03:53ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332023-02-0114236910.3390/atmos14020369Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and PerspectivesYuanfu Zhou0Min Liu1Xuefu Zhang2Xiaoqing Suo3Mingyong Li4State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, ChinaTunnels located in cold regions are vulnerable to frost damage resulting from the special atmosphere, which directly threatens the safety of the tunnel structure and operation. Frost problems of tunnels in cold regions have not been fundamentally resolved. This paper reviews design theory and the frost mitigation techniques currently used in the design, construction and maintenance of cold region tunnels. The depths of freezing and thawing and frost heaving force are the key indexes of design theory. Insulation is the main design technology used to prevent frost heaving and thawing, and the active heating technology has also been applied in practice. In construction, reducing the heat of hydration and blasting by specific winter construction techniques can prevent tunnel freeze–thaw damages. In operation, the restoration of drainage systems, the reinforcement of structures and the reinstallation of freezing-prevention systems are effective measures to treat frost problems. Finally, some constructive suggestions and opinions are put forward to improve the service performance of tunnels.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/369cold regionstunnelfrost problemsconstructionmaintenance |
| spellingShingle | Yuanfu Zhou Min Liu Xuefu Zhang Xiaoqing Suo Mingyong Li Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives Atmosphere cold regions tunnel frost problems construction maintenance |
| title | Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives |
| title_full | Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives |
| title_fullStr | Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives |
| title_short | Frost Mitigation Techniques for Tunnels in Cold Regions: The State of the Art and Perspectives |
| title_sort | frost mitigation techniques for tunnels in cold regions the state of the art and perspectives |
| topic | cold regions tunnel frost problems construction maintenance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/14/2/369 |
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