Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant.
Large inter- and intra-individual variations exist in breastmilk composition, yet factors associated with these variations in the short-term are not well understood. In this study, the effects of breastfeeding on breastmilk cellular and biochemical content were examined. Serial breastmilk samples (∼...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2013-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3819380?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1819060217376145408 |
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| author | Foteini Hassiotou Anna R Hepworth Tracey M Williams Alecia-Jane Twigger Sharon Perrella Ching Tat Lai Luis Filgueira Donna T Geddes Peter E Hartmann |
| author_facet | Foteini Hassiotou Anna R Hepworth Tracey M Williams Alecia-Jane Twigger Sharon Perrella Ching Tat Lai Luis Filgueira Donna T Geddes Peter E Hartmann |
| author_sort | Foteini Hassiotou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Large inter- and intra-individual variations exist in breastmilk composition, yet factors associated with these variations in the short-term are not well understood. In this study, the effects of breastfeeding on breastmilk cellular and biochemical content were examined. Serial breastmilk samples (∼5 mL) were collected from both breasts of breastfeeding women before and immediately after the first morning breastfeed, and then at 30-minute intervals for up to 3 hours post-feed on 2-4 mornings per participant. The infant fed from one breast only at each feed. Effects of pump versus hand expression for samples were evaluated. A consistent response pattern of breastmilk cell and fat contents to breastmilk removal was observed. Maximum fat and cell levels were obtained 30 minutes post-feed (P<0.01), with up to 8-fold increase in fat and 12-fold increase in cell content compared to the pre-feed values, and then they gradually decreased. Breastmilk cell viability and protein concentration did not change with feeding (P>0.05), although large intra-individual variability was noted for protein. Expression mode for samples did not influence breastmilk composition (P>0.05). It is concluded that breastmilk fat content, and thus breast fullness, is closely associated with breastmilk cell content. This will now form the basis for standardization of sampling protocols in lactation studies and investigation of the mechanisms of milk synthesis and cell movement into breastmilk. Moreover, these findings generate new avenues for clinical interventions exploring growth and survival benefits conferred to preterm infants by providing the highest in fat and cells milk obtained at 30 min post-expression. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:23:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc1ac1932f9247b88dd7814f0c0c7303 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T14:23:29Z |
| publishDate | 2013-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc1ac1932f9247b88dd7814f0c0c73032022-12-21T19:00:43ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032013-01-01811e7823210.1371/journal.pone.0078232Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant.Foteini HassiotouAnna R HepworthTracey M WilliamsAlecia-Jane TwiggerSharon PerrellaChing Tat LaiLuis FilgueiraDonna T GeddesPeter E HartmannLarge inter- and intra-individual variations exist in breastmilk composition, yet factors associated with these variations in the short-term are not well understood. In this study, the effects of breastfeeding on breastmilk cellular and biochemical content were examined. Serial breastmilk samples (∼5 mL) were collected from both breasts of breastfeeding women before and immediately after the first morning breastfeed, and then at 30-minute intervals for up to 3 hours post-feed on 2-4 mornings per participant. The infant fed from one breast only at each feed. Effects of pump versus hand expression for samples were evaluated. A consistent response pattern of breastmilk cell and fat contents to breastmilk removal was observed. Maximum fat and cell levels were obtained 30 minutes post-feed (P<0.01), with up to 8-fold increase in fat and 12-fold increase in cell content compared to the pre-feed values, and then they gradually decreased. Breastmilk cell viability and protein concentration did not change with feeding (P>0.05), although large intra-individual variability was noted for protein. Expression mode for samples did not influence breastmilk composition (P>0.05). It is concluded that breastmilk fat content, and thus breast fullness, is closely associated with breastmilk cell content. This will now form the basis for standardization of sampling protocols in lactation studies and investigation of the mechanisms of milk synthesis and cell movement into breastmilk. Moreover, these findings generate new avenues for clinical interventions exploring growth and survival benefits conferred to preterm infants by providing the highest in fat and cells milk obtained at 30 min post-expression.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3819380?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Foteini Hassiotou Anna R Hepworth Tracey M Williams Alecia-Jane Twigger Sharon Perrella Ching Tat Lai Luis Filgueira Donna T Geddes Peter E Hartmann Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant. PLoS ONE |
| title | Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant. |
| title_full | Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant. |
| title_fullStr | Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant. |
| title_short | Breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant. |
| title_sort | breastmilk cell and fat contents respond similarly to removal of breastmilk by the infant |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3819380?pdf=render |
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