Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis
Since 2005, health insurance (HI) coverage in India has significantly increased, largely because of the introduction of government-funded pro-poor insurance programs. As a result, the determinants of HI enrollment and their relative importance may have changed. Using National Family Health Survey (N...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Healthcare |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/9/1343 |
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| author | Preshit Nemdas Ambade Joe Gerald Tauhidur Rahman |
| author_facet | Preshit Nemdas Ambade Joe Gerald Tauhidur Rahman |
| author_sort | Preshit Nemdas Ambade |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since 2005, health insurance (HI) coverage in India has significantly increased, largely because of the introduction of government-funded pro-poor insurance programs. As a result, the determinants of HI enrollment and their relative importance may have changed. Using National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 data, collected in 2015–2016, and employing a Probit regression model, we re-examine the determinants of household HI enrollment. Then, using a multinomial logistic regression model, we estimate the relative risk ratio for enrollment in different HI schemes. In comparison to the results on the determinants of HI enrollment using the NFHS data collected in 2005–2006, we find a decrease in the wealth gap in public HI enrollment. Nonetheless, disparities in enrollment remain, with some changes in those patterns. Households with low assets have lower enrollments in private and community-based health insurance (CBHI) programs. Households with a higher number of dependents have a higher likelihood of HI enrollment, especially in rural areas. In rural areas, poor Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe households are more likely to be enrolled in public HI than the general Caste households. In urban areas, Muslim households have a lower likelihood of enrollment in any HI. The educational attainment of household heads is positively associated with enrollment in private HI, but it is negatively associated with enrollment in public HI. Since 2005–2006, while HI coverage has improved, disparities across social groups remain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:18:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc228f1cc2e54dbbbecbbce6abc1ee91 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9032 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:18:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc228f1cc2e54dbbbecbbce6abc1ee912023-11-17T22:58:40ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322023-05-01119134310.3390/healthcare11091343Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical AnalysisPreshit Nemdas Ambade0Joe Gerald1Tauhidur Rahman2Department of Population Health Sciences, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USADepartment of Community, Environment & Policy, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USADepartment of Agricultural and Resource Economics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USASince 2005, health insurance (HI) coverage in India has significantly increased, largely because of the introduction of government-funded pro-poor insurance programs. As a result, the determinants of HI enrollment and their relative importance may have changed. Using National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 data, collected in 2015–2016, and employing a Probit regression model, we re-examine the determinants of household HI enrollment. Then, using a multinomial logistic regression model, we estimate the relative risk ratio for enrollment in different HI schemes. In comparison to the results on the determinants of HI enrollment using the NFHS data collected in 2005–2006, we find a decrease in the wealth gap in public HI enrollment. Nonetheless, disparities in enrollment remain, with some changes in those patterns. Households with low assets have lower enrollments in private and community-based health insurance (CBHI) programs. Households with a higher number of dependents have a higher likelihood of HI enrollment, especially in rural areas. In rural areas, poor Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe households are more likely to be enrolled in public HI than the general Caste households. In urban areas, Muslim households have a lower likelihood of enrollment in any HI. The educational attainment of household heads is positively associated with enrollment in private HI, but it is negatively associated with enrollment in public HI. Since 2005–2006, while HI coverage has improved, disparities across social groups remain.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/9/1343health insurancewealthhealth policypopulation healthhealth inequityhealth research |
| spellingShingle | Preshit Nemdas Ambade Joe Gerald Tauhidur Rahman Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis Healthcare health insurance wealth health policy population health health inequity health research |
| title | Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis |
| title_full | Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis |
| title_short | Wealth Status and Health Insurance Enrollment in India: An Empirical Analysis |
| title_sort | wealth status and health insurance enrollment in india an empirical analysis |
| topic | health insurance wealth health policy population health health inequity health research |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/9/1343 |
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