Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)

Cassava is mostly grown for its starchy roots, which ensure food security. However, it is heavily attacked by the African root and tuber scale (ARTS) Stictococcus vayssierei in Central Africa. This pest is a severe constraint to the production of cassava, food and income security for smallholder far...

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Main Authors: Patrice Zemko Ngatsi, Bekolo Ndongo, Zachée Ambang, Pierre Eke, William Norbert Tueguem Kuate, Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida, Jude Ndjaga Manga, Champlain Djiéto-Lordon
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-01-01
Series:Current Research in Insect Science
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000015
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author Patrice Zemko Ngatsi
Bekolo Ndongo
Zachée Ambang
Pierre Eke
William Norbert Tueguem Kuate
Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida
Jude Ndjaga Manga
Champlain Djiéto-Lordon
author_facet Patrice Zemko Ngatsi
Bekolo Ndongo
Zachée Ambang
Pierre Eke
William Norbert Tueguem Kuate
Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida
Jude Ndjaga Manga
Champlain Djiéto-Lordon
author_sort Patrice Zemko Ngatsi
collection DOAJ
description Cassava is mostly grown for its starchy roots, which ensure food security. However, it is heavily attacked by the African root and tuber scale (ARTS) Stictococcus vayssierei in Central Africa. This pest is a severe constraint to the production of cassava, food and income security for smallholder farmers. Crop resistance development through the selection of varieties with resistant traits against targeted pests is a promising approach to pest control. This study investigated cassava genotypes' response to natural infestation and determined their resistance levels against S. vayssierei. Six cassava genotypes (two local and four improved) were planted in a completely randomized block design with four replicates. Agronomic parameters and ARTS density were evaluated at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after planting (MAP). Biochemical content was determined on the pith and cortex of 12 MAP aged tuberous roots. As a result, the improved Excel variety recorded the highest scale density per plant with 102.83 ± 4.14 ARTS/P at 9 MAP. At 12 MAP, high activity of total cyanide (69.18 ± 0.88 and 69.16 ± 1.44 mg/kg) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (0.142 ± 0.020 and 0.145 ± 0.010 ΔA/min/mg) were observed in the cortex of the tuberous roots of the improved varieties TMS 96/0023 and TMS 92/0057 which were colonized by the lowest ARTS density. The local variety (Douma) had a high content of total phenols (44.87 ± 1.15 µg/g) in the pith. It also produced the highest yield (23.8 ± 2.9 t ha-1). Varieties TMS 96/0023, TMS 92/0057 and Douma may be the most suitable varieties for the control of ARTS stress.
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spelling doaj.art-cc333850109f4946aa66fc3a413495142024-06-21T08:56:36ZengElsevierCurrent Research in Insect Science2666-51582024-01-015100071Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)Patrice Zemko Ngatsi0Bekolo Ndongo1Zachée Ambang2Pierre Eke3William Norbert Tueguem Kuate4Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida5Jude Ndjaga Manga6Champlain Djiéto-Lordon7Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon; Corresponding author.Department of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Biochemistry, Laboratory for Phytobiochemistry and Medicinal Plants Studies, Antimicrobial and Biocontrol Agents Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Crop Production Technology, College of Technology, University of Bamenda, CameroonDepartment of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Plant Biology, Laboratory of Biotechnologies and Environment, Phytopathology and Plant Protection Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonDepartment of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde 1, Yaounde, CameroonCassava is mostly grown for its starchy roots, which ensure food security. However, it is heavily attacked by the African root and tuber scale (ARTS) Stictococcus vayssierei in Central Africa. This pest is a severe constraint to the production of cassava, food and income security for smallholder farmers. Crop resistance development through the selection of varieties with resistant traits against targeted pests is a promising approach to pest control. This study investigated cassava genotypes' response to natural infestation and determined their resistance levels against S. vayssierei. Six cassava genotypes (two local and four improved) were planted in a completely randomized block design with four replicates. Agronomic parameters and ARTS density were evaluated at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after planting (MAP). Biochemical content was determined on the pith and cortex of 12 MAP aged tuberous roots. As a result, the improved Excel variety recorded the highest scale density per plant with 102.83 ± 4.14 ARTS/P at 9 MAP. At 12 MAP, high activity of total cyanide (69.18 ± 0.88 and 69.16 ± 1.44 mg/kg) and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (0.142 ± 0.020 and 0.145 ± 0.010 ΔA/min/mg) were observed in the cortex of the tuberous roots of the improved varieties TMS 96/0023 and TMS 92/0057 which were colonized by the lowest ARTS density. The local variety (Douma) had a high content of total phenols (44.87 ± 1.15 µg/g) in the pith. It also produced the highest yield (23.8 ± 2.9 t ha-1). Varieties TMS 96/0023, TMS 92/0057 and Douma may be the most suitable varieties for the control of ARTS stress.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000015Manihot esculentaScale insectGrowthBiochemical parametersYield
spellingShingle Patrice Zemko Ngatsi
Bekolo Ndongo
Zachée Ambang
Pierre Eke
William Norbert Tueguem Kuate
Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida
Jude Ndjaga Manga
Champlain Djiéto-Lordon
Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)
Current Research in Insect Science
Manihot esculenta
Scale insect
Growth
Biochemical parameters
Yield
title Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)
title_full Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)
title_fullStr Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)
title_full_unstemmed Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)
title_short Response of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest Stictococcus vayssierei Richard (Hemiptera: Stictococcidae)
title_sort response of cassava manihot esculenta crantz genotypes to natural infestation by scale insect pest stictococcus vayssierei richard hemiptera stictococcidae
topic Manihot esculenta
Scale insect
Growth
Biochemical parameters
Yield
url http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666515824000015
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