Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization
The cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are intrinsically interconnected, sharing the goal of delivering oxygen to metabolically active tissue. Deficiencies within those systems that affect oxygen delivery to working tissues are a hallmark of advancing age. Oxygen delivery and utilization are...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/7/4/87 |
| _version_ | 1797457022632853504 |
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| author | Sabrina S. Salvatore Kyle N. Zelenski Ryan K. Perkins |
| author_facet | Sabrina S. Salvatore Kyle N. Zelenski Ryan K. Perkins |
| author_sort | Sabrina S. Salvatore |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are intrinsically interconnected, sharing the goal of delivering oxygen to metabolically active tissue. Deficiencies within those systems that affect oxygen delivery to working tissues are a hallmark of advancing age. Oxygen delivery and utilization are reflected as muscle oxygen saturation (SmO<sub>2</sub>) and are assessed using near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS). SmO<sub>2</sub> has been observed to be reduced by ~38% at rest, ~24% during submaximal exercise, and ~59% during maximal exercise with aging (>65 y). Furthermore, aging prolongs restoration of SmO<sub>2</sub> back to baseline by >50% after intense exercise. Regulatory factors that contribute to reduced SmO<sub>2</sub> with age include blood flow, capillarization, endothelial cells, nitric oxide, and mitochondrial function. These mechanisms are governed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. However, mishandling of ROS with age ultimately leads to alterations in structure and function of the regulatory factors tasked with maintaining SmO<sub>2</sub>. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current state of the literature regarding age-related effects in SmO<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, we attempt to bridge the gap between SmO<sub>2</sub> and associated underlying mechanisms affected by aging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:15:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc3557257ddb402d8b6fcf7d43ac9061 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2411-5142 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:15:14Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc3557257ddb402d8b6fcf7d43ac90612023-11-24T15:51:29ZengMDPI AGJournal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology2411-51422022-10-01748710.3390/jfmk7040087Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen UtilizationSabrina S. Salvatore0Kyle N. Zelenski1Ryan K. Perkins2Department of Kinesiology, California State University Chico, 400 W 1st St, Chico, CA 95929, USADepartment of Kinesiology, California State University Chico, 400 W 1st St, Chico, CA 95929, USADepartment of Kinesiology, California State University Chico, 400 W 1st St, Chico, CA 95929, USAThe cardiovascular and skeletal muscle systems are intrinsically interconnected, sharing the goal of delivering oxygen to metabolically active tissue. Deficiencies within those systems that affect oxygen delivery to working tissues are a hallmark of advancing age. Oxygen delivery and utilization are reflected as muscle oxygen saturation (SmO<sub>2</sub>) and are assessed using near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS). SmO<sub>2</sub> has been observed to be reduced by ~38% at rest, ~24% during submaximal exercise, and ~59% during maximal exercise with aging (>65 y). Furthermore, aging prolongs restoration of SmO<sub>2</sub> back to baseline by >50% after intense exercise. Regulatory factors that contribute to reduced SmO<sub>2</sub> with age include blood flow, capillarization, endothelial cells, nitric oxide, and mitochondrial function. These mechanisms are governed by reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the cellular level. However, mishandling of ROS with age ultimately leads to alterations in structure and function of the regulatory factors tasked with maintaining SmO<sub>2</sub>. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on the current state of the literature regarding age-related effects in SmO<sub>2</sub>. Furthermore, we attempt to bridge the gap between SmO<sub>2</sub> and associated underlying mechanisms affected by aging.https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/7/4/87agingmuscle oxygen saturation (SmO<sub>2</sub>)near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS)muscle metabolism |
| spellingShingle | Sabrina S. Salvatore Kyle N. Zelenski Ryan K. Perkins Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology aging muscle oxygen saturation (SmO<sub>2</sub>) near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS) muscle metabolism |
| title | Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization |
| title_full | Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization |
| title_fullStr | Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization |
| title_short | Age-Related Changes in Skeletal Muscle Oxygen Utilization |
| title_sort | age related changes in skeletal muscle oxygen utilization |
| topic | aging muscle oxygen saturation (SmO<sub>2</sub>) near-infrared resonance spectroscopy (NIRS) muscle metabolism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2411-5142/7/4/87 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sabrinassalvatore agerelatedchangesinskeletalmuscleoxygenutilization AT kylenzelenski agerelatedchangesinskeletalmuscleoxygenutilization AT ryankperkins agerelatedchangesinskeletalmuscleoxygenutilization |