A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis
The time required for successful blastocyst formation varies among multiple species. The formation of a blastocyst is governed by numerous molecular cell signaling pathways, such as the Hippo signaling pathway. The Hippo signaling pathway is initiated by increased cell–cell contact and via apical po...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/2/281 |
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| author | Jyoti Sharma Monica Antenos Pavneesh Madan |
| author_facet | Jyoti Sharma Monica Antenos Pavneesh Madan |
| author_sort | Jyoti Sharma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The time required for successful blastocyst formation varies among multiple species. The formation of a blastocyst is governed by numerous molecular cell signaling pathways, such as the Hippo signaling pathway. The Hippo signaling pathway is initiated by increased cell–cell contact and via apical polarity proteins (AMOT, PARD6, and NF2) during the period of preimplantation embryogenesis. Cell–cell contact and cell polarity activate (phosphorylates) the core cascade components of the pathway (mammalian sterile twenty like 1 and 2 (MST1/2) and large tumor suppressor 1 and 2 (LATS1/2)), which in turn phosphorylate the downstream effectors of the pathway (YAP1/TAZ). The Hippo pathway remains inactive with YAP1 (Yes Associated protein 1) present inside the nucleus in the trophectoderm (TE) cells (polar blastomeres) of the mouse blastocyst. In the inner cell mass (ICM) cells (apolar blastomeres), the pathway is activated with p-YAP1 present in the cytoplasm. On the contrary, during bovine embryogenesis, p-YAP1 is exclusively present in the nucleus in both TE and ICM cells. Contrary to mouse embryos, transcription co activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) (also known as WWTR1) is also predominantly present in the cytoplasm in all the blastomeres during bovine embryogenesis. This review outlines the major differences in the localization and function of Hippo signaling pathway components of murine and bovine preimplantation embryos, suggesting significant differences in the regulation of this pathway in between the two species. The variance observed in the Hippo signaling pathway between murine and bovine embryos confirms that both of these early embryonic models are quite distinct. Moreover, based on the similarity of the Hippo signaling pathway between bovine and human early embryo development, bovine embryos could be an alternate model for understanding the regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway in human embryos. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:49:55Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:49:55Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Genes |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc3ce31c0ed24ecebc77e51d838c7cb92023-12-11T17:16:52ZengMDPI AGGenes2073-44252021-02-0112228110.3390/genes12020281A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian EmbryogenesisJyoti Sharma0Monica Antenos1Pavneesh Madan2Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, CanadaThe time required for successful blastocyst formation varies among multiple species. The formation of a blastocyst is governed by numerous molecular cell signaling pathways, such as the Hippo signaling pathway. The Hippo signaling pathway is initiated by increased cell–cell contact and via apical polarity proteins (AMOT, PARD6, and NF2) during the period of preimplantation embryogenesis. Cell–cell contact and cell polarity activate (phosphorylates) the core cascade components of the pathway (mammalian sterile twenty like 1 and 2 (MST1/2) and large tumor suppressor 1 and 2 (LATS1/2)), which in turn phosphorylate the downstream effectors of the pathway (YAP1/TAZ). The Hippo pathway remains inactive with YAP1 (Yes Associated protein 1) present inside the nucleus in the trophectoderm (TE) cells (polar blastomeres) of the mouse blastocyst. In the inner cell mass (ICM) cells (apolar blastomeres), the pathway is activated with p-YAP1 present in the cytoplasm. On the contrary, during bovine embryogenesis, p-YAP1 is exclusively present in the nucleus in both TE and ICM cells. Contrary to mouse embryos, transcription co activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) (also known as WWTR1) is also predominantly present in the cytoplasm in all the blastomeres during bovine embryogenesis. This review outlines the major differences in the localization and function of Hippo signaling pathway components of murine and bovine preimplantation embryos, suggesting significant differences in the regulation of this pathway in between the two species. The variance observed in the Hippo signaling pathway between murine and bovine embryos confirms that both of these early embryonic models are quite distinct. Moreover, based on the similarity of the Hippo signaling pathway between bovine and human early embryo development, bovine embryos could be an alternate model for understanding the regulation of the Hippo signaling pathway in human embryos.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/2/281HippoblastocystMS1/2 (Mammalian Sterile Twenty Like 1 and 2)LATS1/2 (Large Tumor Suppressor 1 and 2)YAP1 (Yes Associated Protein 1)p-YAP1 |
| spellingShingle | Jyoti Sharma Monica Antenos Pavneesh Madan A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis Genes Hippo blastocyst MS1/2 (Mammalian Sterile Twenty Like 1 and 2) LATS1/2 (Large Tumor Suppressor 1 and 2) YAP1 (Yes Associated Protein 1) p-YAP1 |
| title | A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis |
| title_full | A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis |
| title_fullStr | A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis |
| title_short | A Comparative Analysis of Hippo Signaling Pathway Components during Murine and Bovine Early Mammalian Embryogenesis |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of hippo signaling pathway components during murine and bovine early mammalian embryogenesis |
| topic | Hippo blastocyst MS1/2 (Mammalian Sterile Twenty Like 1 and 2) LATS1/2 (Large Tumor Suppressor 1 and 2) YAP1 (Yes Associated Protein 1) p-YAP1 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/2/281 |
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