Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States
Enterococcus faecalis and faecium with resistance to daptomycin and/or linezolid are emerging globally. We present the genomic characterization of daptomycin- and linezolid-resistant E. faecalis and E. faecium surveillance isolates from the United States, 2013–2016. Daptomycin resistance was low amo...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-02-01
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.807398/full |
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author | Amy S. Gargis Lori M. Spicer Lori M. Spicer Alyssa G. Kent Alyssa G. Kent Wenming Zhu Davina Campbell Gillian McAllister Thomas O. Ewing Thomas O. Ewing Valerie Albrecht Valerie A. Stevens Mili Sheth Jasmine Padilla Jasmine Padilla Dhwani Batra J. Kristie Johnson Alison Laufer Halpin J. Kamile Rasheed Christopher A. Elkins Maria Karlsson Joseph D. Lutgring |
author_facet | Amy S. Gargis Lori M. Spicer Lori M. Spicer Alyssa G. Kent Alyssa G. Kent Wenming Zhu Davina Campbell Gillian McAllister Thomas O. Ewing Thomas O. Ewing Valerie Albrecht Valerie A. Stevens Mili Sheth Jasmine Padilla Jasmine Padilla Dhwani Batra J. Kristie Johnson Alison Laufer Halpin J. Kamile Rasheed Christopher A. Elkins Maria Karlsson Joseph D. Lutgring |
author_sort | Amy S. Gargis |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Enterococcus faecalis and faecium with resistance to daptomycin and/or linezolid are emerging globally. We present the genomic characterization of daptomycin- and linezolid-resistant E. faecalis and E. faecium surveillance isolates from the United States, 2013–2016. Daptomycin resistance was low among E. faecalis (2/364, 0.5%) and E. faecium (17/344, 5%). The majority (71%, 12/17) of daptomycin-resistant E. faecium isolates belonged to the emerging ST736 clone and contained mutations in liaFSR and cls previously associated with resistance. However, 1/2 E. faecalis and 3/17 E. faecium did not contain these mutations previously associated with daptomycin resistance. Linezolid resistance was rare among E. faecalis (1/364, 0.3%) and E. faecium (2/344, 0.6%). These two E. faecium isolates, one of which was also resistant to daptomycin and vancomycin, contained the 23S rRNA nucleotide mutation (G2576T) associated with linezolid resistance. Long-read sequencing revealed the linezolid-resistant E. faecalis isolate contained chromosomal- and plasmid-encoded copies of optrA. The chromosomal optrA was located on the recently described Tn6674 multiresistance transposon. The second copy of optrA was encoded on an ∼65 kb mosaic plasmid, with component regions sharing high sequence identity to optrA-encoding multiresistance plasmids of animal origin. The optrA-encoding plasmid contained open reading frames predicted to encode proteins associated with a pheromone-responsive plasmid transfer system, and filter mating experiments confirmed the plasmid was conjugative. Continued surveillance of enterococci is necessary to assess the prevalence and trends of daptomycin and linezolid resistance in the United States, characterize resistance mechanisms and how they transfer, and monitor for emerging sequence types associated with resistance. |
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spelling | doaj.art-cc3dc2ad36be4fdbab97f3c7c81f9e432022-12-21T20:21:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-02-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.807398807398Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United StatesAmy S. Gargis0Lori M. Spicer1Lori M. Spicer2Alyssa G. Kent3Alyssa G. Kent4Wenming Zhu5Davina Campbell6Gillian McAllister7Thomas O. Ewing8Thomas O. Ewing9Valerie Albrecht10Valerie A. Stevens11Mili Sheth12Jasmine Padilla13Jasmine Padilla14Dhwani Batra15J. Kristie Johnson16Alison Laufer Halpin17J. Kamile Rasheed18Christopher A. Elkins19Maria Karlsson20Joseph D. Lutgring21Division of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesGoldbelt C6, LLC, Chesapeake, VA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesGoldbelt C6, LLC, Chesapeake, VA, United StatesDivision of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesGoldbelt C6, LLC, Chesapeake, VA, United StatesOffice of the Director, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesBiotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesBiotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesASRT Incorporated, Atlanta, GA, United StatesBiotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesDivision of Healthcare Quality Promotion, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United StatesEnterococcus faecalis and faecium with resistance to daptomycin and/or linezolid are emerging globally. We present the genomic characterization of daptomycin- and linezolid-resistant E. faecalis and E. faecium surveillance isolates from the United States, 2013–2016. Daptomycin resistance was low among E. faecalis (2/364, 0.5%) and E. faecium (17/344, 5%). The majority (71%, 12/17) of daptomycin-resistant E. faecium isolates belonged to the emerging ST736 clone and contained mutations in liaFSR and cls previously associated with resistance. However, 1/2 E. faecalis and 3/17 E. faecium did not contain these mutations previously associated with daptomycin resistance. Linezolid resistance was rare among E. faecalis (1/364, 0.3%) and E. faecium (2/344, 0.6%). These two E. faecium isolates, one of which was also resistant to daptomycin and vancomycin, contained the 23S rRNA nucleotide mutation (G2576T) associated with linezolid resistance. Long-read sequencing revealed the linezolid-resistant E. faecalis isolate contained chromosomal- and plasmid-encoded copies of optrA. The chromosomal optrA was located on the recently described Tn6674 multiresistance transposon. The second copy of optrA was encoded on an ∼65 kb mosaic plasmid, with component regions sharing high sequence identity to optrA-encoding multiresistance plasmids of animal origin. The optrA-encoding plasmid contained open reading frames predicted to encode proteins associated with a pheromone-responsive plasmid transfer system, and filter mating experiments confirmed the plasmid was conjugative. Continued surveillance of enterococci is necessary to assess the prevalence and trends of daptomycin and linezolid resistance in the United States, characterize resistance mechanisms and how they transfer, and monitor for emerging sequence types associated with resistance.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.807398/fullEnterococcus faecalisEnterococcus faeciumdaptomycinlinezolidconjugationoptrA |
spellingShingle | Amy S. Gargis Lori M. Spicer Lori M. Spicer Alyssa G. Kent Alyssa G. Kent Wenming Zhu Davina Campbell Gillian McAllister Thomas O. Ewing Thomas O. Ewing Valerie Albrecht Valerie A. Stevens Mili Sheth Jasmine Padilla Jasmine Padilla Dhwani Batra J. Kristie Johnson Alison Laufer Halpin J. Kamile Rasheed Christopher A. Elkins Maria Karlsson Joseph D. Lutgring Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States Frontiers in Microbiology Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium daptomycin linezolid conjugation optrA |
title | Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States |
title_full | Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States |
title_fullStr | Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States |
title_full_unstemmed | Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States |
title_short | Sentinel Surveillance Reveals Emerging Daptomycin-Resistant ST736 Enterococcus faecium and Multiple Mechanisms of Linezolid Resistance in Enterococci in the United States |
title_sort | sentinel surveillance reveals emerging daptomycin resistant st736 enterococcus faecium and multiple mechanisms of linezolid resistance in enterococci in the united states |
topic | Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium daptomycin linezolid conjugation optrA |
url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.807398/full |
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