Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing
Image therapy, which creates illusions with a mirror and a head mount display, assists movement relearning in stroke patients. Mirror therapy presents the movement of the unaffected limb in a mirror, creating the illusion of movement of the affected limb. As the visual information of images cannot c...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/7/2987 |
| _version_ | 1797539916595331072 |
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| author | Takumi Okumura Yuichi Kurita |
| author_facet | Takumi Okumura Yuichi Kurita |
| author_sort | Takumi Okumura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Image therapy, which creates illusions with a mirror and a head mount display, assists movement relearning in stroke patients. Mirror therapy presents the movement of the unaffected limb in a mirror, creating the illusion of movement of the affected limb. As the visual information of images cannot create a fully immersive experience, we propose a cross-modal strategy that supplements the image with sensual information. By interacting with the stimuli received from multiple sensory organs, the brain complements missing senses, and the patient experiences a different sense of motion. Our system generates the sense of stair-climbing in a subject walking on a level floor. The force sensation is presented by a pneumatic gel muscle (PGM). Based on motion analysis in a human lower-limb model and the characteristics of the force exerted by the PGM, we set the appropriate air pressure of the PGM. The effectiveness of the proposed system was evaluated by surface electromyography and a questionnaire. The experimental results showed that by synchronizing the force sensation with visual information, we could match the motor and perceived sensations at the muscle-activity level, enhancing the sense of stair-climbing. The experimental results showed that the visual condition significantly improved the illusion intensity during stair-climbing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:52:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc693266d5ad47abb1008c35e08b92f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:52:37Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc693266d5ad47abb1008c35e08b92f32023-11-21T12:11:56ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-03-01117298710.3390/app11072987Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-ClimbingTakumi Okumura0Yuichi Kurita1Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8527, JapanGraduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8527, JapanImage therapy, which creates illusions with a mirror and a head mount display, assists movement relearning in stroke patients. Mirror therapy presents the movement of the unaffected limb in a mirror, creating the illusion of movement of the affected limb. As the visual information of images cannot create a fully immersive experience, we propose a cross-modal strategy that supplements the image with sensual information. By interacting with the stimuli received from multiple sensory organs, the brain complements missing senses, and the patient experiences a different sense of motion. Our system generates the sense of stair-climbing in a subject walking on a level floor. The force sensation is presented by a pneumatic gel muscle (PGM). Based on motion analysis in a human lower-limb model and the characteristics of the force exerted by the PGM, we set the appropriate air pressure of the PGM. The effectiveness of the proposed system was evaluated by surface electromyography and a questionnaire. The experimental results showed that by synchronizing the force sensation with visual information, we could match the motor and perceived sensations at the muscle-activity level, enhancing the sense of stair-climbing. The experimental results showed that the visual condition significantly improved the illusion intensity during stair-climbing.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/7/2987virtual realitystairscross-modalsense of musclepneumatic artificial muscle |
| spellingShingle | Takumi Okumura Yuichi Kurita Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing Applied Sciences virtual reality stairs cross-modal sense of muscle pneumatic artificial muscle |
| title | Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing |
| title_full | Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing |
| title_fullStr | Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing |
| title_short | Cross-Modal Effect of Presenting Visual and Force Feedback That Create the Illusion of Stair-Climbing |
| title_sort | cross modal effect of presenting visual and force feedback that create the illusion of stair climbing |
| topic | virtual reality stairs cross-modal sense of muscle pneumatic artificial muscle |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/7/2987 |
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