Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination
Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a widely used antibiotic to treat bacterial infections prevalent among humans and animals. SMX undergoes several transformation pathways in living organisms and external environments. Therefore, the development of efficient remediation methods for treating SMX and its metab...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/24/3116 |
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| author | Hui-Lai Liu Yu Zhang Xin-Xin Lv Min-Shu Cui Kang-Ping Cui Zheng-Liang Dai Bei Wang Rohan Weerasooriya Xing Chen |
| author_facet | Hui-Lai Liu Yu Zhang Xin-Xin Lv Min-Shu Cui Kang-Ping Cui Zheng-Liang Dai Bei Wang Rohan Weerasooriya Xing Chen |
| author_sort | Hui-Lai Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a widely used antibiotic to treat bacterial infections prevalent among humans and animals. SMX undergoes several transformation pathways in living organisms and external environments. Therefore, the development of efficient remediation methods for treating SMX and its metabolites is needed. We fabricated a photo-Fenton catalyst using an UIO-66 (Zr) metal–organic framework (MOF) dispersed in diatomite by a single-step solvothermal method for hydroxylation (HO-UIO-66). The HO-UIO-66-0/DE-assisted Fenton-like process degraded SMX with 94.7% efficiency; however, HO-UIO-66 (Zr) is not stable. We improved the stability of the catalyst by introducing a calcination step. The calcination temperature is critical to improving the catalytic efficiency of the composite (for example, designated as HO-UIO-66/DE-300 to denote hydroxylated UIO-66 dispersed in diatomite calcined at 300 °C). The degradation of SMX by HO-UIO-66/DE-300 was 93.8% in 120 min with 4 mmol/L H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> at pH 3 under visible light radiation. The O1s XPS signatures signify the stability of the catalyst after repeated use for SMX degradation. The electron spin resonance spectral data suggest the role of h<sup>+</sup>, •OH, •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>, and <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> in SMX degradation routes. The HO-UIO-66/DE-300-assisted Fenton-like process shows potential in degrading pharmaceutical products present in water and wastewater. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:29:22Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T20:29:22Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc6dcd9e33ce491aabbb3d2c6756255e2023-12-22T14:29:07ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912023-12-011324311610.3390/nano13243116Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after CalcinationHui-Lai Liu0Yu Zhang1Xin-Xin Lv2Min-Shu Cui3Kang-Ping Cui4Zheng-Liang Dai5Bei Wang6Rohan Weerasooriya7Xing Chen8Key Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaAnqing Changhong Chemical Co., Ltd., Anqing 246002, ChinaAnqing Changhong Chemical Co., Ltd., Anqing 246002, ChinaKey Lab of Aerospace Structural Parts Forming Technology and Equipment of Anhui Province, Institute of Industry and Equipment Technology, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaKey Laboratory of Nanominerals and Pollution Control of Higher Education Institutes, School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, ChinaSulfamethoxazole (SMX) is a widely used antibiotic to treat bacterial infections prevalent among humans and animals. SMX undergoes several transformation pathways in living organisms and external environments. Therefore, the development of efficient remediation methods for treating SMX and its metabolites is needed. We fabricated a photo-Fenton catalyst using an UIO-66 (Zr) metal–organic framework (MOF) dispersed in diatomite by a single-step solvothermal method for hydroxylation (HO-UIO-66). The HO-UIO-66-0/DE-assisted Fenton-like process degraded SMX with 94.7% efficiency; however, HO-UIO-66 (Zr) is not stable. We improved the stability of the catalyst by introducing a calcination step. The calcination temperature is critical to improving the catalytic efficiency of the composite (for example, designated as HO-UIO-66/DE-300 to denote hydroxylated UIO-66 dispersed in diatomite calcined at 300 °C). The degradation of SMX by HO-UIO-66/DE-300 was 93.8% in 120 min with 4 mmol/L H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> at pH 3 under visible light radiation. The O1s XPS signatures signify the stability of the catalyst after repeated use for SMX degradation. The electron spin resonance spectral data suggest the role of h<sup>+</sup>, •OH, •O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>, and <sup>1</sup>O<sub>2</sub> in SMX degradation routes. The HO-UIO-66/DE-300-assisted Fenton-like process shows potential in degrading pharmaceutical products present in water and wastewater.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/24/3116diatomiteHO-UIO-66/DE-300/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/light processphoto-Fenton catalystsulfamethoxazole |
| spellingShingle | Hui-Lai Liu Yu Zhang Xin-Xin Lv Min-Shu Cui Kang-Ping Cui Zheng-Liang Dai Bei Wang Rohan Weerasooriya Xing Chen Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination Nanomaterials diatomite HO-UIO-66/DE-300/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/light process photo-Fenton catalyst sulfamethoxazole |
| title | Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination |
| title_full | Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination |
| title_fullStr | Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination |
| title_full_unstemmed | Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination |
| title_short | Efficient Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole by Diatomite-Supported Hydroxyl-Modified UIO-66 Photocatalyst after Calcination |
| title_sort | efficient degradation of sulfamethoxazole by diatomite supported hydroxyl modified uio 66 photocatalyst after calcination |
| topic | diatomite HO-UIO-66/DE-300/H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/light process photo-Fenton catalyst sulfamethoxazole |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/13/24/3116 |
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