Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California
Dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium data are reported for the upper 450 m of the water column in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California. Two water masses were identified: Gulf of California Water and Subtropical Subsurface Water. The 34.95 isohaline moved upward from 400 to 250 m depth, suggesting de...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universidad Autónoma de Baja California
2011-10-01
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| Series: | Ciencias Marinas |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/1967 |
| _version_ | 1797279487839174656 |
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| author | JA Segovia-Zavala F Delgadillo-Hinojosa ML Lares-Reyes MA Huerta-Diaz A Muñoz-Barbosa E Santa María del Ángel EV Torres-Delgado SA Sañudo-Wilhelmy |
| author_facet | JA Segovia-Zavala F Delgadillo-Hinojosa ML Lares-Reyes MA Huerta-Diaz A Muñoz-Barbosa E Santa María del Ángel EV Torres-Delgado SA Sañudo-Wilhelmy |
| author_sort | JA Segovia-Zavala |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium data are reported for the upper 450 m of the water column in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California. Two water masses were identified: Gulf of California Water and Subtropical Subsurface Water. The 34.95 isohaline moved upward from 400 to 250 m depth, suggesting deep-water upwelling. Similarly, at surface level (50–60 m), the 26 and 27 ºC isotherms and 35.45 and 35.65 isohalines moved up to the surface. Sea surface temperature imagery showed that Ballenas Channel surface water was relatively cooler (1.5–2.0 ºC) than the water of the Midriff region during the study period. The vertical distribution of iron and copper showed mixed profiles (scavenging and nutrient types) with high concentrations at the surface (Fe = 3.58 and Cu = 3.29 nM), which immediately decrease with depth (Fe = 0.88 and Cu = 1.16 nM, scavenging type) and subsequently increase towards the bottom (Fe = 1.90 and Cu = 1.69 nM, nutrient type). Cadmium showed a nutrient-type vertical profile with low surface concentrations (0.75 nM) that increase with depth (1.12 nM). The dissolved concentrations of these three metals are higher in relation to highly productive areas in the Gulf of California and California Current. Preliminary estimates suggest that dissolved iron (76%) and copper (70%) are mostly generated by vertical advection and the rest by surface advection and atmospheric contributions, whereas 80% of cadmium enrichment is the result of vertical advection and the rest seems to be removed from surface water by photosynthesis. Se registraron concentraciones de hierro, cobre y cadmio disueltos para los primeros 450 m de la columna de agua en el canal de Ballenas, golfo de California. Se identificaron dos masas de agua: el Agua del Golfo de California y el Agua Subsuperficial Subtropical. La isohalina de 34.95 se elevó desde los 400 m hasta los 250 m de profundidad, lo que sugiere un aporte de agua profunda. A nivel superficial (50–60 m), las isotermas de 26 y 27 ºC, e isohalinas de 35.45 y 35.65 se elevaron hasta la superficie. Las imágenes de la temperatura superficial del mar para el periodo de estudio mostró que el agua del canal de Ballenas es relativamente más fría (1.5 a 2.0 ºC) que el agua de la región entre las Grandes Islas. La distribución vertical de hierro y cobre disueltos presentó perfiles mixtos (tipo remoción y tipo nutrientes) con concentraciones altas en la superficie (Fe = 3.58 y Cu = 3.29 nM), que enseguida disminuyeron con la profundidad (Fe = 0.88 y Cu = 1.16 nM; tipo remoción) para luego incrementarse hacia el fondo (Fe = 1.90 y Cu = 1.69 nM; tipo nutrientes). El cadmio exhibió un perfil vertical de tipo nutrientes con concentraciones bajas en la superficie (0.75 nM) que aumentan con la profundidad (1.12 nM). Las concentraciones de los tres metales disueltos son más altas en relación con las zonas altamente productivas dentro del golfo de California y la corriente de California. Los cálculos preliminares sugieren que el hierro y el cobre disueltos (76 y 70%, respectivamente) son aportados por la advección vertical y el resto por la advección superficial y el aporte atmosférico. En contraste, el cadmio disuelto (80%) se atribuye al aporte por advección vertical y el resto parece ser removido de la capa superficial por fotosíntesis.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T16:26:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc6f3f7131534ed6bc3722600fec86a1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0185-3880 2395-9053 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T16:26:58Z |
| publishDate | 2011-10-01 |
| publisher | Universidad Autónoma de Baja California |
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| series | Ciencias Marinas |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc6f3f7131534ed6bc3722600fec86a12024-03-03T17:56:23ZengUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaCiencias Marinas0185-38802395-90532011-10-01374A10.7773/cm.v37i4A.1967Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of CaliforniaJA Segovia-Zavala0F Delgadillo-Hinojosa1ML Lares-Reyes2MA Huerta-Diaz3A Muñoz-Barbosa4E Santa María del Ángel5EV Torres-Delgado6SA Sañudo-Wilhelmy7Universidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaCentro de Investigación Científica y de Educación Superior de EnsenadaUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaUniversidad Autónoma de Baja CaliforniaUniversity of Southern California Dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium data are reported for the upper 450 m of the water column in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California. Two water masses were identified: Gulf of California Water and Subtropical Subsurface Water. The 34.95 isohaline moved upward from 400 to 250 m depth, suggesting deep-water upwelling. Similarly, at surface level (50–60 m), the 26 and 27 ºC isotherms and 35.45 and 35.65 isohalines moved up to the surface. Sea surface temperature imagery showed that Ballenas Channel surface water was relatively cooler (1.5–2.0 ºC) than the water of the Midriff region during the study period. The vertical distribution of iron and copper showed mixed profiles (scavenging and nutrient types) with high concentrations at the surface (Fe = 3.58 and Cu = 3.29 nM), which immediately decrease with depth (Fe = 0.88 and Cu = 1.16 nM, scavenging type) and subsequently increase towards the bottom (Fe = 1.90 and Cu = 1.69 nM, nutrient type). Cadmium showed a nutrient-type vertical profile with low surface concentrations (0.75 nM) that increase with depth (1.12 nM). The dissolved concentrations of these three metals are higher in relation to highly productive areas in the Gulf of California and California Current. Preliminary estimates suggest that dissolved iron (76%) and copper (70%) are mostly generated by vertical advection and the rest by surface advection and atmospheric contributions, whereas 80% of cadmium enrichment is the result of vertical advection and the rest seems to be removed from surface water by photosynthesis. Se registraron concentraciones de hierro, cobre y cadmio disueltos para los primeros 450 m de la columna de agua en el canal de Ballenas, golfo de California. Se identificaron dos masas de agua: el Agua del Golfo de California y el Agua Subsuperficial Subtropical. La isohalina de 34.95 se elevó desde los 400 m hasta los 250 m de profundidad, lo que sugiere un aporte de agua profunda. A nivel superficial (50–60 m), las isotermas de 26 y 27 ºC, e isohalinas de 35.45 y 35.65 se elevaron hasta la superficie. Las imágenes de la temperatura superficial del mar para el periodo de estudio mostró que el agua del canal de Ballenas es relativamente más fría (1.5 a 2.0 ºC) que el agua de la región entre las Grandes Islas. La distribución vertical de hierro y cobre disueltos presentó perfiles mixtos (tipo remoción y tipo nutrientes) con concentraciones altas en la superficie (Fe = 3.58 y Cu = 3.29 nM), que enseguida disminuyeron con la profundidad (Fe = 0.88 y Cu = 1.16 nM; tipo remoción) para luego incrementarse hacia el fondo (Fe = 1.90 y Cu = 1.69 nM; tipo nutrientes). El cadmio exhibió un perfil vertical de tipo nutrientes con concentraciones bajas en la superficie (0.75 nM) que aumentan con la profundidad (1.12 nM). Las concentraciones de los tres metales disueltos son más altas en relación con las zonas altamente productivas dentro del golfo de California y la corriente de California. Los cálculos preliminares sugieren que el hierro y el cobre disueltos (76 y 70%, respectivamente) son aportados por la advección vertical y el resto por la advección superficial y el aporte atmosférico. En contraste, el cadmio disuelto (80%) se atribuye al aporte por advección vertical y el resto parece ser removido de la capa superficial por fotosíntesis. https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/1967metalsironcoppercadmiumGulf of California |
| spellingShingle | JA Segovia-Zavala F Delgadillo-Hinojosa ML Lares-Reyes MA Huerta-Diaz A Muñoz-Barbosa E Santa María del Ángel EV Torres-Delgado SA Sañudo-Wilhelmy Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California Ciencias Marinas metals iron copper cadmium Gulf of California |
| title | Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California |
| title_full | Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California |
| title_fullStr | Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California |
| title_short | Vertical distribution of dissolved iron, copper, and cadmium in Ballenas Channel, Gulf of California |
| title_sort | vertical distribution of dissolved iron copper and cadmium in ballenas channel gulf of california |
| topic | metals iron copper cadmium Gulf of California |
| url | https://www.cienciasmarinas.com.mx/index.php/cmarinas/article/view/1967 |
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