Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES
<p>This paper presents aircraft in situ measurements of water concentration and heavy water isotope ratios <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Earth System Science Data |
| Online Access: | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1811/2022/essd-14-1811-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818490374768820224 |
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| author | D. Henze D. Noone D. Noone D. Toohey |
| author_facet | D. Henze D. Noone D. Noone D. Toohey |
| author_sort | D. Henze |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>This paper presents aircraft in situ measurements of water concentration and heavy water isotope ratios <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="8b4f58abaf139c798b2af3a9eb527079"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00001.svg" width="24pt" height="14pt" src="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><msup><mi/><mn mathvariant="normal">18</mn></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><msup><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">16</mn></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="44pt" height="15pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="193c6d7c20c3944efe82211b59cb846f"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00002.svg" width="44pt" height="15pt" src="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> during the
NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES)
project. The aircraft measurement system is also presented. The dataset is
unique in that (1) it contains both total water and cloud condensed water isotope
ratios; (2) it spans sufficient space and time to enable construction of
spatially resolved climatology of isotope ratios in the lower troposphere;
and (3) it is paired with a wealth of complementary measurements on
atmospheric thermodynamic, chemical, aerosol, and radiative properties.
Aircraft sampling took place in the southeast Atlantic marine boundary layer
and lower troposphere (Equator to 22<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> S) over the months of September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018. Isotope measurements were made using cavity
ring-down spectroscopic analyzers integrated into the Water Isotope System
for Precipitation and Entrainment Research (WISPER). From an isotope
perspective, the <span class="inline-formula">300+</span> h of 1 Hz in situ data at levels in the
atmosphere ranging from 70 m to 7 km represents a remarkably large and
vertically resolved dataset. This paper provides a brief overview of the
ORACLES mission and describes how water vapor heavy isotope ratios fit
within the experimental design. Overviews of the sampling region and
sampling strategy are presented, followed by the WISPER system setup and
calibration details. The three data formats available to the users are each
covered (latitude–altitude curtains, individual vertical profiles, and
time series), with illustrative examples to highlight some features of the
dataset and provide a plausibility check. The curtains and profiles
demonstrate the dataset's potential to provide a comprehensive perspective
on moisture transport and isotopic content in this region. Finally,
measurement uncertainties are provided. Curtain and vertical profile data
for all sampling periods can be accessed at
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748368">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748368</a> (see Henze et al., 2022). Time series
data for the September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018 sampling periods can be
accessed at
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2016_V3">https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2016_V3</a>,
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V3">https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V3</a>, and
<a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2018_V3">https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/ P3/2018_V3</a>,
respectively (see references for ORACLES Science Team, 2020a–c, 2016 P3 data,
2017 P3 data, and 2018 P3 data).</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T17:15:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc7122f222454afd94f11f7c6b7c4de2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1866-3508 1866-3516 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T17:15:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth System Science Data |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc7122f222454afd94f11f7c6b7c4de22022-12-22T01:40:07ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth System Science Data1866-35081866-35162022-04-01141811182910.5194/essd-14-1811-2022Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLESD. Henze0D. Noone1D. Noone2D. Toohey3College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USACollege of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USADepartment of Physics, University of Auckland, Auckland, New ZealandDepartment of Atmospheric and Ocean Sciences, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA<p>This paper presents aircraft in situ measurements of water concentration and heavy water isotope ratios <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mi>D</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="8b4f58abaf139c798b2af3a9eb527079"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00001.svg" width="24pt" height="14pt" src="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> and <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow class="chem"><msup><mi/><mn mathvariant="normal">18</mn></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi><msup><mo>/</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">16</mn></msup><mi mathvariant="normal">O</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="44pt" height="15pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="193c6d7c20c3944efe82211b59cb846f"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00002.svg" width="44pt" height="15pt" src="essd-14-1811-2022-ie00002.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> during the NASA ObseRvations of Aerosols above CLouds and their intEractionS (ORACLES) project. The aircraft measurement system is also presented. The dataset is unique in that (1) it contains both total water and cloud condensed water isotope ratios; (2) it spans sufficient space and time to enable construction of spatially resolved climatology of isotope ratios in the lower troposphere; and (3) it is paired with a wealth of complementary measurements on atmospheric thermodynamic, chemical, aerosol, and radiative properties. Aircraft sampling took place in the southeast Atlantic marine boundary layer and lower troposphere (Equator to 22<span class="inline-formula"><sup>∘</sup></span> S) over the months of September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018. Isotope measurements were made using cavity ring-down spectroscopic analyzers integrated into the Water Isotope System for Precipitation and Entrainment Research (WISPER). From an isotope perspective, the <span class="inline-formula">300+</span> h of 1 Hz in situ data at levels in the atmosphere ranging from 70 m to 7 km represents a remarkably large and vertically resolved dataset. This paper provides a brief overview of the ORACLES mission and describes how water vapor heavy isotope ratios fit within the experimental design. Overviews of the sampling region and sampling strategy are presented, followed by the WISPER system setup and calibration details. The three data formats available to the users are each covered (latitude–altitude curtains, individual vertical profiles, and time series), with illustrative examples to highlight some features of the dataset and provide a plausibility check. The curtains and profiles demonstrate the dataset's potential to provide a comprehensive perspective on moisture transport and isotopic content in this region. Finally, measurement uncertainties are provided. Curtain and vertical profile data for all sampling periods can be accessed at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748368">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748368</a> (see Henze et al., 2022). Time series data for the September 2016, August 2017, and October 2018 sampling periods can be accessed at <a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2016_V3">https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2016_V3</a>, <a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V3">https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2017_V3</a>, and <a href="https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/P3/2018_V3">https://doi.org/10.5067/Suborbital/ORACLES/ P3/2018_V3</a>, respectively (see references for ORACLES Science Team, 2020a–c, 2016 P3 data, 2017 P3 data, and 2018 P3 data).</p>https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1811/2022/essd-14-1811-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | D. Henze D. Noone D. Noone D. Toohey Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES Earth System Science Data |
| title | Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES |
| title_full | Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES |
| title_fullStr | Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES |
| title_short | Aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during ORACLES |
| title_sort | aircraft measurements of water vapor heavy isotope ratios in the marine boundary layer and lower troposphere during oracles |
| url | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1811/2022/essd-14-1811-2022.pdf |
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