Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited
We performed comprehensive study of seven Carnian, Late Triassic specimens of a coleoid cephalopod Phragmoteuthis bisinuata, on which Suess based his hypothesis on “beaks of P. bisinuata”. Using SEM/EDS, we found that “beaks of P. bisinuata” consist of a micro-granular carbonized matrix containing...
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Institute of Paleobiology PAS
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |
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| Online Access: | https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app67/app009532021.pdf |
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| author | LARISA A. DOGUZHAEVA HERBERT SUMMESBERGER FRANZ BRANDSTAETTER DANIELA GRUBER ANDREA TINTORI |
| author_facet | LARISA A. DOGUZHAEVA HERBERT SUMMESBERGER FRANZ BRANDSTAETTER DANIELA GRUBER ANDREA TINTORI |
| author_sort | LARISA A. DOGUZHAEVA |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We performed comprehensive study of seven Carnian, Late Triassic specimens of a coleoid cephalopod Phragmoteuthis
bisinuata, on which Suess based his hypothesis on “beaks of P. bisinuata”. Using SEM/EDS, we found that “beaks of P. bisinuata” consist of a micro-granular carbonized matrix containing ~4–30 μm diameter and ~50–200 μm visible length, dense
calcified bone-like micro-structures. This strongly suggests that these objects are vertebrate bone-inducing cartilages in
which the matrix was post-mortem reworked by carbon-accumulating bacteria and substituted by nano-particles of carbon
accumulated in micro-granules. Hence, the presumed “beaks of P. bisinuata” are cartilaginous remains of a prey, presumably juvenile fish. This data dismissed the entire hypothesis of Seuss. A small spatula-shape plate with a rachis-like process
in an association with 10 or so imprints around (arm crown), found in front of a proostracum of P. bisinuata evidences an
unknown Late Triassic juvenile teuthid which possessed a gladius resembling that of the early Permian Glochinomorpha
stifeli. It inhabited the open sea area of the northwestern Tethys Ocean, and was, along with juvenile fishes, in the diet of
P. bisinuata. The first identified Anisian (Middle Triassic) coleoid beak is represented by an isolated specimen from the
Gardena Valley, NE Italy. It has a typical composition and morphology of coleoid upper beak: chitinous, wide-oval lateral
walls, short wings, and pointed hook-like rostrum. This suggests similar upper beak structure in the Carnian P. bisinuata in
which the lower beaks were apparently similar to that of the co-occurring Lunzoteuthis schindelbergensis and had a widely
open outer lamella with posteriorly elongated paired wings joined into a pointed rostrum in the anterior portion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:40:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc91218b9031435891fd3fdb53401f32 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0567-7920 1732-2421 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T20:40:54Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Institute of Paleobiology PAS |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Acta Palaeontologica Polonica |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc91218b9031435891fd3fdb53401f322022-12-22T03:17:25ZengInstitute of Paleobiology PASActa Palaeontologica Polonica0567-79201732-24212022-09-0167365566610.4202/app.00953.2021Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisitedLARISA A. DOGUZHAEVA0HERBERT SUMMESBERGER1FRANZ BRANDSTAETTER2DANIELA GRUBER3ANDREA TINTORI4Department of Palaeobiology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 50007, Stockholm SE-104 05, Sweden.Department of Geology and Palaeontology, Museum of Natural History, Vienna, Burgring 7, Austria.Mineralogical Department, Museum of Natural History, Vienna, Austria; Vienna, Burgring 7, Austria.Core Facility of Cell Imaging and Ultrastructure Research, Life Sciences Faculty, University of Vienna, 1090 Wien Althanstraße 14, Austria.Triassica, Institute for Triassic Lagerstätte, 23828 Periedo (LC), Via al Verder 6, Italy.We performed comprehensive study of seven Carnian, Late Triassic specimens of a coleoid cephalopod Phragmoteuthis bisinuata, on which Suess based his hypothesis on “beaks of P. bisinuata”. Using SEM/EDS, we found that “beaks of P. bisinuata” consist of a micro-granular carbonized matrix containing ~4–30 μm diameter and ~50–200 μm visible length, dense calcified bone-like micro-structures. This strongly suggests that these objects are vertebrate bone-inducing cartilages in which the matrix was post-mortem reworked by carbon-accumulating bacteria and substituted by nano-particles of carbon accumulated in micro-granules. Hence, the presumed “beaks of P. bisinuata” are cartilaginous remains of a prey, presumably juvenile fish. This data dismissed the entire hypothesis of Seuss. A small spatula-shape plate with a rachis-like process in an association with 10 or so imprints around (arm crown), found in front of a proostracum of P. bisinuata evidences an unknown Late Triassic juvenile teuthid which possessed a gladius resembling that of the early Permian Glochinomorpha stifeli. It inhabited the open sea area of the northwestern Tethys Ocean, and was, along with juvenile fishes, in the diet of P. bisinuata. The first identified Anisian (Middle Triassic) coleoid beak is represented by an isolated specimen from the Gardena Valley, NE Italy. It has a typical composition and morphology of coleoid upper beak: chitinous, wide-oval lateral walls, short wings, and pointed hook-like rostrum. This suggests similar upper beak structure in the Carnian P. bisinuata in which the lower beaks were apparently similar to that of the co-occurring Lunzoteuthis schindelbergensis and had a widely open outer lamella with posteriorly elongated paired wings joined into a pointed rostrum in the anterior portion.https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app67/app009532021.pdfcephalopodacoleoideaphragmoteuthisbeaksvertebrate and invertebrate preytriassicalps |
| spellingShingle | LARISA A. DOGUZHAEVA HERBERT SUMMESBERGER FRANZ BRANDSTAETTER DANIELA GRUBER ANDREA TINTORI Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited Acta Palaeontologica Polonica cephalopoda coleoidea phragmoteuthis beaks vertebrate and invertebrate prey triassic alps |
| title | Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited |
| title_full | Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited |
| title_fullStr | Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited |
| title_full_unstemmed | Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited |
| title_short | Triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the Calcareous Alps revisited |
| title_sort | triassic coleoid beaks and other structures from the calcareous alps revisited |
| topic | cephalopoda coleoidea phragmoteuthis beaks vertebrate and invertebrate prey triassic alps |
| url | https://www.app.pan.pl/archive/published/app67/app009532021.pdf |
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