Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia
Background: Although insomnia is a sex-dimorphic disorder, there is limited knowledge about the association between sex hormones and insomnia. In the present study, the level of hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis activity was investigated in patients with insomnia by measuring serum levels of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2019-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.jmss.mui.ac.ir/article.asp?issn=2228-7477;year=2019;volume=9;issue=1;spage=59;epage=67;aulast=Mohammadi |
| _version_ | 1811211811613048832 |
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| author | Hiwa Mohammadi Mohammad Rezaei Faezeh Faghihi Habibolah Khazaie |
| author_facet | Hiwa Mohammadi Mohammad Rezaei Faezeh Faghihi Habibolah Khazaie |
| author_sort | Hiwa Mohammadi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Although insomnia is a sex-dimorphic disorder, there is limited knowledge about the association between sex hormones and insomnia. In the present study, the level of hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis activity was investigated in patients with insomnia by measuring serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin. Methods: Numbers of 19 patients; including 13 females (68.40%) with paradox insomnia (32–53 years; 43.20 ± 6.40) and 17 patients; including 8 females (47.05%) with psychophysiological insomnia (14–62 years; 38.40 ± 16.30) were recruited. Seventeen aged-matched normal sleeper consisted of 13 males (26–59 years; 40.70 ± 10) consisted of 13 males (76.50%) were also recruited as control group. Insomnia was diagnosed by a sleep clinician according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Second Edition criteria and an overnight polysomnography (PSG). A volume of 5 ml of venous blood samples were collected, prepared, and stored at 8 AM under standard condition. Serum levels of hormones were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and ANCOVA. The associations between PSG and biochemical parameters were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in all biochemical analyses between two insomnia subgroups (paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia) and normal sleepers. Testosterone was positively related to maximum pulse transit time (PTT). Moreover, both LH and FSH were positively related to wake index and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Although there were no significant differences in all HPG's hormones between groups, both LH and FSH were associated with wake index and diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, testosterone was positively related to PTT. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cc9b5720ef55492e90e3e3dcc2f256ac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2228-7477 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T05:19:36Z |
| publishDate | 2019-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-cc9b5720ef55492e90e3e3dcc2f256ac2022-12-22T03:46:33ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsJournal of Medical Signals and Sensors2228-74772019-01-0191596710.4103/jmss.JMSS_31_18Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomniaHiwa MohammadiMohammad RezaeiFaezeh FaghihiHabibolah KhazaieBackground: Although insomnia is a sex-dimorphic disorder, there is limited knowledge about the association between sex hormones and insomnia. In the present study, the level of hypothalamus–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis activity was investigated in patients with insomnia by measuring serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 17α-Hydroxyprogesterone, testosterone, progesterone, estradiol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and sex hormone-binding globulin. Methods: Numbers of 19 patients; including 13 females (68.40%) with paradox insomnia (32–53 years; 43.20 ± 6.40) and 17 patients; including 8 females (47.05%) with psychophysiological insomnia (14–62 years; 38.40 ± 16.30) were recruited. Seventeen aged-matched normal sleeper consisted of 13 males (26–59 years; 40.70 ± 10) consisted of 13 males (76.50%) were also recruited as control group. Insomnia was diagnosed by a sleep clinician according to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Second Edition criteria and an overnight polysomnography (PSG). A volume of 5 ml of venous blood samples were collected, prepared, and stored at 8 AM under standard condition. Serum levels of hormones were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Data were analyzed by Chi-square and ANCOVA. The associations between PSG and biochemical parameters were evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. Results: There were no significant differences in all biochemical analyses between two insomnia subgroups (paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia) and normal sleepers. Testosterone was positively related to maximum pulse transit time (PTT). Moreover, both LH and FSH were positively related to wake index and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion: Although there were no significant differences in all HPG's hormones between groups, both LH and FSH were associated with wake index and diastolic blood pressure. Moreover, testosterone was positively related to PTT.http://www.jmss.mui.ac.ir/article.asp?issn=2228-7477;year=2019;volume=9;issue=1;spage=59;epage=67;aulast=MohammadiElectroencephalographic signal processinghypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal axisinsomniapolysomnography |
| spellingShingle | Hiwa Mohammadi Mohammad Rezaei Faezeh Faghihi Habibolah Khazaie Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia Journal of Medical Signals and Sensors Electroencephalographic signal processing hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal axis insomnia polysomnography |
| title | Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia |
| title_full | Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia |
| title_fullStr | Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia |
| title_short | Hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia |
| title_sort | hypothalamic pituitary gonadal activity in paradoxical and psychophysiological insomnia |
| topic | Electroencephalographic signal processing hypothalamic–Pituitary–Gonadal axis insomnia polysomnography |
| url | http://www.jmss.mui.ac.ir/article.asp?issn=2228-7477;year=2019;volume=9;issue=1;spage=59;epage=67;aulast=Mohammadi |
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