Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study
Introduction: Obesity is a common comorbidity in patients with asthma and has a significant impact on health and prognoses. However, the extent to which overweight and obesity impact asthma, particularly lung function, remains unclear. This study aimed to report on the prevalence of overweight and o...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| author | Abdullah A. Alqarni Abdulelah M. Aldhahir Rayan A. Siraj Jaber S. Alqahtani Hams H. Alshehri Amal M. Alshamrani Ahlam A. Namnqani Lama N. Alsaidalani Mohammed N. Tawhari Omaima I. Badr Hassan Alwafi |
| author_facet | Abdullah A. Alqarni Abdulelah M. Aldhahir Rayan A. Siraj Jaber S. Alqahtani Hams H. Alshehri Amal M. Alshamrani Ahlam A. Namnqani Lama N. Alsaidalani Mohammed N. Tawhari Omaima I. Badr Hassan Alwafi |
| author_sort | Abdullah A. Alqarni |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: Obesity is a common comorbidity in patients with asthma and has a significant impact on health and prognoses. However, the extent to which overweight and obesity impact asthma, particularly lung function, remains unclear. This study aimed to report on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and assess their impacts on spirometry parameters in asthmatic patients. Methods: In this multicentre, retrospective study, we reviewed the demographic data and spirometry results of all adult patients with confirmed diagnoses of asthma who visited the studied hospitals’ pulmonary clinics between January 2016 and October 2022. Results: In total, 684 patients with confirmed diagnoses of asthma were included in the final analysis, of whom 74% were female, with a mean ± SD age of 47 ± 16 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with asthma was 31.1% and 46.0%, respectively. There was a significant decline in spirometry results in obese patients with asthma compared with patients with healthy weights. Furthermore, body mass index (BMI) was negatively correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (L), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>), forced expiratory flow at 25–75% (FEF <sub>25–75%</sub>) L/s and peak expiratory flow (PEF) L/s (r = −0.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = −0.17, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = −0.15, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = −0.12, <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively). Following adjustments for confounders, a higher BMI was independently associated with lower FVC (B −0.02 [95% CI −0.028, −0.01, <i>p</i> < 0.001] and lower FEV<sub>1</sub> (B −0.01 [95% CI −0.01, −0.001, <i>p</i> < 0.05]. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in asthma patients, and more importantly, they can reduce lung function, characterised mainly by reduced FEV<sub>1</sub> and FVC. These observations highlight the importance of implementing a nonpharmacological approach (i.e., weight loss) as part of the treatment plan for patients with asthma to improve lung function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:20:56Z |
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| id | doaj.art-cca33ace4b064b619dee033082b82aa8 |
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| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:20:56Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cca33ace4b064b619dee033082b82aa82023-11-17T07:59:06ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832023-02-01125184310.3390/jcm12051843Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective StudyAbdullah A. Alqarni0Abdulelah M. Aldhahir1Rayan A. Siraj2Jaber S. Alqahtani3Hams H. Alshehri4Amal M. Alshamrani5Ahlam A. Namnqani6Lama N. Alsaidalani7Mohammed N. Tawhari8Omaima I. Badr9Hassan Alwafi10Department of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22230, Saudi ArabiaRespiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Care, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Care, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dammam 34313, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22230, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22230, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22230, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Respiratory Therapy, Faculty of Medical Rehabilitation Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22230, Saudi ArabiaRespiratory Therapy Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Chest Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptFaculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 21514, Saudi ArabiaIntroduction: Obesity is a common comorbidity in patients with asthma and has a significant impact on health and prognoses. However, the extent to which overweight and obesity impact asthma, particularly lung function, remains unclear. This study aimed to report on the prevalence of overweight and obesity and assess their impacts on spirometry parameters in asthmatic patients. Methods: In this multicentre, retrospective study, we reviewed the demographic data and spirometry results of all adult patients with confirmed diagnoses of asthma who visited the studied hospitals’ pulmonary clinics between January 2016 and October 2022. Results: In total, 684 patients with confirmed diagnoses of asthma were included in the final analysis, of whom 74% were female, with a mean ± SD age of 47 ± 16 years. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with asthma was 31.1% and 46.0%, respectively. There was a significant decline in spirometry results in obese patients with asthma compared with patients with healthy weights. Furthermore, body mass index (BMI) was negatively correlated with forced vital capacity (FVC) (L), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV<sub>1</sub>), forced expiratory flow at 25–75% (FEF <sub>25–75%</sub>) L/s and peak expiratory flow (PEF) L/s (r = −0.22, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = −0.17, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = −0.15, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = −0.12, <i>p</i> < 0.01, respectively). Following adjustments for confounders, a higher BMI was independently associated with lower FVC (B −0.02 [95% CI −0.028, −0.01, <i>p</i> < 0.001] and lower FEV<sub>1</sub> (B −0.01 [95% CI −0.01, −0.001, <i>p</i> < 0.05]. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity are highly prevalent in asthma patients, and more importantly, they can reduce lung function, characterised mainly by reduced FEV<sub>1</sub> and FVC. These observations highlight the importance of implementing a nonpharmacological approach (i.e., weight loss) as part of the treatment plan for patients with asthma to improve lung function.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/5/1843obesityoverweightasthmalung functionBMIspirometry |
| spellingShingle | Abdullah A. Alqarni Abdulelah M. Aldhahir Rayan A. Siraj Jaber S. Alqahtani Hams H. Alshehri Amal M. Alshamrani Ahlam A. Namnqani Lama N. Alsaidalani Mohammed N. Tawhari Omaima I. Badr Hassan Alwafi Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study Journal of Clinical Medicine obesity overweight asthma lung function BMI spirometry |
| title | Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study |
| title_full | Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study |
| title_short | Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity and Their Impact on Spirometry Parameters in Patients with Asthma: A Multicentre, Retrospective Study |
| title_sort | prevalence of overweight and obesity and their impact on spirometry parameters in patients with asthma a multicentre retrospective study |
| topic | obesity overweight asthma lung function BMI spirometry |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/12/5/1843 |
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