Smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, body mass index, and peptic ulcer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, body mass index, and peptic ulcer risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study

Background: Observational evidence has shown that smoking, alcohol consumption, type 2 diabetes, and body mass index (BMI) are risk factors for peptic ulcer disease (PUD), including gastric ulcer (GU) and duodenal ulcer (DU). However, the observed associations may be confounding factors. Herein, we...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Yi Liu, Zhihan Xiao, Kun Ye, Linlin Xu, Yanping Zhang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-01-01
Series:Frontiers in Genetics
Subjects:
smoking
alcohol consumption
diabetes
body mass index
peptic ulcer
Mendelian randomization
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2022.992080/full

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