Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a significant impact on the pathophysiological processes associated with various diseases such as tumors, inflammation, and infection. They exhibit molecular, biochemical, and entry control characteristics similar to viral infections. Viruses, on the other hand, dep...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/640 |
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| author | Heloisa D’Avila Claudia Natércia Rocha Lima Pollianne Garbero Rampinelli Laiza Camila Oliveira Mateus Renata Vieira de Sousa Silva José Raimundo Correa Patrícia Elaine de Almeida |
| author_facet | Heloisa D’Avila Claudia Natércia Rocha Lima Pollianne Garbero Rampinelli Laiza Camila Oliveira Mateus Renata Vieira de Sousa Silva José Raimundo Correa Patrícia Elaine de Almeida |
| author_sort | Heloisa D’Avila |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have a significant impact on the pathophysiological processes associated with various diseases such as tumors, inflammation, and infection. They exhibit molecular, biochemical, and entry control characteristics similar to viral infections. Viruses, on the other hand, depend on host metabolic machineries to fulfill their biosynthetic requirements. Due to potential advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradation, and efficient immune activation, EVs have emerged as potential therapeutic targets against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Studies on COVID-19 patients have shown that they frequently have dysregulated lipid profiles, which are associated with an increased risk of severe repercussions. Lipid droplets (LDs) serve as organelles with significant roles in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis as well as having a wide range of functions in infections. The down-modulation of lipids, such as sphingolipid ceramide and eicosanoids, or of the transcriptional factors involved in lipogenesis seem to inhibit the viral multiplication, suggesting their involvement in the virus replication and pathogenesis as well as highlighting their potential as targets for drug development. Hence, this review focuses on the role of modulation of lipid metabolism and EVs in the mechanism of immune system evasion during SARS-CoV-2 infection and explores the therapeutic potential of EVs as well as application for delivering therapeutic substances to mitigate viral infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:04:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ccae9cb147634fc0af5850fa6b61e0c7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:04:50Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ccae9cb147634fc0af5850fa6b61e0c72024-01-10T15:00:21ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672024-01-0125164010.3390/ijms25010640Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic ProspectsHeloisa D’Avila0Claudia Natércia Rocha Lima1Pollianne Garbero Rampinelli2Laiza Camila Oliveira Mateus3Renata Vieira de Sousa Silva4José Raimundo Correa5Patrícia Elaine de Almeida6Cell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, BrazilLaboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilCell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, BrazilCell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, BrazilCell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, BrazilLaboratory of Microscopy and Microanalysis, University of Brasília, Brasília 70910-900, BrazilCell Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, BrazilExtracellular vesicles (EVs) have a significant impact on the pathophysiological processes associated with various diseases such as tumors, inflammation, and infection. They exhibit molecular, biochemical, and entry control characteristics similar to viral infections. Viruses, on the other hand, depend on host metabolic machineries to fulfill their biosynthetic requirements. Due to potential advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradation, and efficient immune activation, EVs have emerged as potential therapeutic targets against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. Studies on COVID-19 patients have shown that they frequently have dysregulated lipid profiles, which are associated with an increased risk of severe repercussions. Lipid droplets (LDs) serve as organelles with significant roles in lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis as well as having a wide range of functions in infections. The down-modulation of lipids, such as sphingolipid ceramide and eicosanoids, or of the transcriptional factors involved in lipogenesis seem to inhibit the viral multiplication, suggesting their involvement in the virus replication and pathogenesis as well as highlighting their potential as targets for drug development. Hence, this review focuses on the role of modulation of lipid metabolism and EVs in the mechanism of immune system evasion during SARS-CoV-2 infection and explores the therapeutic potential of EVs as well as application for delivering therapeutic substances to mitigate viral infections.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/640extracellular vesicleslipid bodiesCOVID-19 |
| spellingShingle | Heloisa D’Avila Claudia Natércia Rocha Lima Pollianne Garbero Rampinelli Laiza Camila Oliveira Mateus Renata Vieira de Sousa Silva José Raimundo Correa Patrícia Elaine de Almeida Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects International Journal of Molecular Sciences extracellular vesicles lipid bodies COVID-19 |
| title | Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects |
| title_full | Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects |
| title_fullStr | Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects |
| title_short | Lipid Metabolism Modulation during SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Spotlight on Extracellular Vesicles and Therapeutic Prospects |
| title_sort | lipid metabolism modulation during sars cov 2 infection a spotlight on extracellular vesicles and therapeutic prospects |
| topic | extracellular vesicles lipid bodies COVID-19 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/25/1/640 |
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