Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack
2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid (AMHA) was synthetized as a non-natural amino acid more than 70 years ago; however, its possible function as an inducer of plant resistance has not been reported. Plant resistance inducers, also known as plant elicitors, are becoming a novel and important development di...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-05-01
|
| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5715 |
| _version_ | 1797499187060801536 |
|---|---|
| author | He Wang Jingjing Li Qian Yang Lan Wang Jing Wang Yaxin Zhang Yanjing Guo Rui Li Ruiqi Zhang Xiaorong Tao Bernal E. Valverde Sheng Qiang Hazem M. Kalaji Shiguo Chen |
| author_facet | He Wang Jingjing Li Qian Yang Lan Wang Jing Wang Yaxin Zhang Yanjing Guo Rui Li Ruiqi Zhang Xiaorong Tao Bernal E. Valverde Sheng Qiang Hazem M. Kalaji Shiguo Chen |
| author_sort | He Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | 2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid (AMHA) was synthetized as a non-natural amino acid more than 70 years ago; however, its possible function as an inducer of plant resistance has not been reported. Plant resistance inducers, also known as plant elicitors, are becoming a novel and important development direction in crop protection and pest management. We found that free AMHA accumulated in the mycelia but not in fermentation broths of four fungal species, <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> and three <i>Alternaria</i> spp. We unequivocally confirmed that AMHA is a naturally occurring endogenous (2<i>S</i>, 3<i>S</i>)-<i>α</i>-amino acid, based on isolation, purification and structural analyses. Further experiments demonstrated that AMHA has potent activity-enhancing resistance against extreme temperature stresses in several plant species. It is also highly active against fungal, bacterial and viral diseases by inducing plant resistance. AMHA pretreatment strongly protected wheat against powdery mildew, <i>Arabidopsis</i> against <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> DC3000 and tobacco against <i>Tomato spotted wilt virus</i>. AMHA exhibits a great potential to become a unique natural elicitor protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:43:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ccec27ba4033450fb69b1edcad33d820 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:43:51Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-ccec27ba4033450fb69b1edcad33d8202023-11-23T11:27:17ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-05-012310571510.3390/ijms23105715Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen AttackHe Wang0Jingjing Li1Qian Yang2Lan Wang3Jing Wang4Yaxin Zhang5Yanjing Guo6Rui Li7Ruiqi Zhang8Xiaorong Tao9Bernal E. Valverde10Sheng Qiang11Hazem M. Kalaji12Shiguo Chen13Weed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Agronomy, JCIC-MCP, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaDepartment of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaDepartment of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, PolandWeed Research Laboratory, College of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China2-Amino-3-methylhexanoic acid (AMHA) was synthetized as a non-natural amino acid more than 70 years ago; however, its possible function as an inducer of plant resistance has not been reported. Plant resistance inducers, also known as plant elicitors, are becoming a novel and important development direction in crop protection and pest management. We found that free AMHA accumulated in the mycelia but not in fermentation broths of four fungal species, <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> and three <i>Alternaria</i> spp. We unequivocally confirmed that AMHA is a naturally occurring endogenous (2<i>S</i>, 3<i>S</i>)-<i>α</i>-amino acid, based on isolation, purification and structural analyses. Further experiments demonstrated that AMHA has potent activity-enhancing resistance against extreme temperature stresses in several plant species. It is also highly active against fungal, bacterial and viral diseases by inducing plant resistance. AMHA pretreatment strongly protected wheat against powdery mildew, <i>Arabidopsis</i> against <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> DC3000 and tobacco against <i>Tomato spotted wilt virus</i>. AMHA exhibits a great potential to become a unique natural elicitor protecting plants against biotic and abiotic stresses.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5715agricultural productionnatural productplant resistance inducerbiopesticidebiotic and abiotic stress |
| spellingShingle | He Wang Jingjing Li Qian Yang Lan Wang Jing Wang Yaxin Zhang Yanjing Guo Rui Li Ruiqi Zhang Xiaorong Tao Bernal E. Valverde Sheng Qiang Hazem M. Kalaji Shiguo Chen Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack International Journal of Molecular Sciences agricultural production natural product plant resistance inducer biopesticide biotic and abiotic stress |
| title | Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack |
| title_full | Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack |
| title_fullStr | Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack |
| title_full_unstemmed | Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack |
| title_short | Natural 2-Amino-3-Methylhexanoic Acid as Plant Elicitor Inducing Resistance against Temperature Stress and Pathogen Attack |
| title_sort | natural 2 amino 3 methylhexanoic acid as plant elicitor inducing resistance against temperature stress and pathogen attack |
| topic | agricultural production natural product plant resistance inducer biopesticide biotic and abiotic stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/10/5715 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hewang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT jingjingli natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT qianyang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT lanwang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT jingwang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT yaxinzhang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT yanjingguo natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT ruili natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT ruiqizhang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT xiaorongtao natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT bernalevalverde natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT shengqiang natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT hazemmkalaji natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack AT shiguochen natural2amino3methylhexanoicacidasplantelicitorinducingresistanceagainsttemperaturestressandpathogenattack |