Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release
Hijacking and manipulation of host cell biosynthetic pathways by human enveloped viruses are essential for the viral lifecycle. <i>Flaviviridae</i> members, including hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses, extensively manipulate host lipid metabolism, underlining the importance of lipid d...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/7901 |
| _version_ | 1797549946001424384 |
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| author | Alexandra P.M. Cloherty Andrea D. Olmstead Carla M.S. Ribeiro François Jean |
| author_facet | Alexandra P.M. Cloherty Andrea D. Olmstead Carla M.S. Ribeiro François Jean |
| author_sort | Alexandra P.M. Cloherty |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hijacking and manipulation of host cell biosynthetic pathways by human enveloped viruses are essential for the viral lifecycle. <i>Flaviviridae</i> members, including hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses, extensively manipulate host lipid metabolism, underlining the importance of lipid droplets (LDs) in viral infection. LDs are dynamic cytoplasmic organelles that can act as sequestration platforms for a unique subset of host and viral proteins. Transient recruitment and mobilization of proteins to LDs during viral infection impacts host-cell biological properties, LD functionality and canonical protein functions. Notably, recent studies identified LDs in the nucleus and also identified that LDs are transported extracellularly via an autophagy-mediated mechanism, indicating a novel role for autophagy in <i>Flaviviridae</i> infections. These developments underline an unsuspected diversity and localization of LDs and potential moonlighting functions of LD-associated proteins during infection. This review summarizes recent breakthroughs concerning the LD hijacking activities of hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses and potential roles of cytoplasmic, nuclear and extracellular LD-associated viral proteins during infection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:22:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cceea6000ca04ec9907030aa074d6b88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:22:06Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cceea6000ca04ec9907030aa074d6b882023-11-20T18:23:38ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-10-012121790110.3390/ijms21217901Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular ReleaseAlexandra P.M. Cloherty0Andrea D. Olmstead1Carla M.S. Ribeiro2François Jean3Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 3559–2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, CanadaAmsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, 3559–2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, CanadaHijacking and manipulation of host cell biosynthetic pathways by human enveloped viruses are essential for the viral lifecycle. <i>Flaviviridae</i> members, including hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses, extensively manipulate host lipid metabolism, underlining the importance of lipid droplets (LDs) in viral infection. LDs are dynamic cytoplasmic organelles that can act as sequestration platforms for a unique subset of host and viral proteins. Transient recruitment and mobilization of proteins to LDs during viral infection impacts host-cell biological properties, LD functionality and canonical protein functions. Notably, recent studies identified LDs in the nucleus and also identified that LDs are transported extracellularly via an autophagy-mediated mechanism, indicating a novel role for autophagy in <i>Flaviviridae</i> infections. These developments underline an unsuspected diversity and localization of LDs and potential moonlighting functions of LD-associated proteins during infection. This review summarizes recent breakthroughs concerning the LD hijacking activities of hepatitis C, dengue and Zika viruses and potential roles of cytoplasmic, nuclear and extracellular LD-associated viral proteins during infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/7901lipid dropletsSREBP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein) pathwayautophagyhepatitis C virusdengue virusZika virus |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra P.M. Cloherty Andrea D. Olmstead Carla M.S. Ribeiro François Jean Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release International Journal of Molecular Sciences lipid droplets SREBP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein) pathway autophagy hepatitis C virus dengue virus Zika virus |
| title | Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release |
| title_full | Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release |
| title_fullStr | Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release |
| title_short | Hijacking of Lipid Droplets by Hepatitis C, Dengue and Zika Viruses—From Viral Protein Moonlighting to Extracellular Release |
| title_sort | hijacking of lipid droplets by hepatitis c dengue and zika viruses from viral protein moonlighting to extracellular release |
| topic | lipid droplets SREBP (sterol regulatory element-binding protein) pathway autophagy hepatitis C virus dengue virus Zika virus |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/7901 |
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