The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya
International organizations and governments have argued that animal health service providers can play a vital role in limiting antimicrobial resistance by promoting the prudent use of antimicrobials. However, there is little research on the impact of these service providers on prudent use at the far...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/9/554 |
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| author | Kofi Afakye Stella Kiambi Eric Koka Emmanuel Kabali Alejandro Dorado-Garcia Ann Amoah Tabitha Kimani Benjamin Adjei Mark A Caudell |
| author_facet | Kofi Afakye Stella Kiambi Eric Koka Emmanuel Kabali Alejandro Dorado-Garcia Ann Amoah Tabitha Kimani Benjamin Adjei Mark A Caudell |
| author_sort | Kofi Afakye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | International organizations and governments have argued that animal health service providers can play a vital role in limiting antimicrobial resistance by promoting the prudent use of antimicrobials. However, there is little research on the impact of these service providers on prudent use at the farm level, especially in low- and middle-income countries where enforcement of prudent-use regulations is limited. Here, we use a mixed-methods approach to assess how animal health-seeking practices on layer farms in Ghana (<i>n</i> = 110) and Kenya (<i>n</i> = 76) impact self-reported antimicrobial usage, engagement in prudent administration and withdrawal practices and perceptions of antimicrobial resistance. In general, our results show that the frequency of health-seeking across a range of service providers (veterinarians, agrovets, and feed distributors) does not significantly correlate with prudent or non-prudent use practices or the levels of antimicrobials used. Instead, we find that patterns of antimicrobial use are linked to how much farmers invest in biosecurity (e.g., footbaths) and the following vaccination protocols. Our results emphasize that more research is required to understand the interactions between animal health service providers and farmers regarding antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance. Addressing these gaps will be crucial to inform antimicrobial stewardship training, curriculums and, guidelines whose ultimate purpose is to limit the selection and transmission of antimicrobial resistance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:44:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ccfe0d0b2df84cf5be761e6ca179300f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6382 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:44:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-ccfe0d0b2df84cf5be761e6ca179300f2023-11-20T11:47:45ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822020-08-019955410.3390/antibiotics9090554The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and KenyaKofi Afakye0Stella Kiambi1Eric Koka2Emmanuel Kabali3Alejandro Dorado-Garcia4Ann Amoah5Tabitha Kimani6Benjamin Adjei7Mark A Caudell8Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra 1628, GhanaFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi 00100, KenyaDepartment of Sociology and Anthropology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast 5007, GhanaFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 00153 Rome, ItalyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 00153 Rome, ItalyFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra 1628, GhanaFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi 00100, KenyaFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Accra 1628, GhanaFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Nairobi 00100, KenyaInternational organizations and governments have argued that animal health service providers can play a vital role in limiting antimicrobial resistance by promoting the prudent use of antimicrobials. However, there is little research on the impact of these service providers on prudent use at the farm level, especially in low- and middle-income countries where enforcement of prudent-use regulations is limited. Here, we use a mixed-methods approach to assess how animal health-seeking practices on layer farms in Ghana (<i>n</i> = 110) and Kenya (<i>n</i> = 76) impact self-reported antimicrobial usage, engagement in prudent administration and withdrawal practices and perceptions of antimicrobial resistance. In general, our results show that the frequency of health-seeking across a range of service providers (veterinarians, agrovets, and feed distributors) does not significantly correlate with prudent or non-prudent use practices or the levels of antimicrobials used. Instead, we find that patterns of antimicrobial use are linked to how much farmers invest in biosecurity (e.g., footbaths) and the following vaccination protocols. Our results emphasize that more research is required to understand the interactions between animal health service providers and farmers regarding antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance. Addressing these gaps will be crucial to inform antimicrobial stewardship training, curriculums and, guidelines whose ultimate purpose is to limit the selection and transmission of antimicrobial resistance.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/9/554antimicrobial usepoultry farminghealth seekingGhanaKenyaantimicrobial resistance |
| spellingShingle | Kofi Afakye Stella Kiambi Eric Koka Emmanuel Kabali Alejandro Dorado-Garcia Ann Amoah Tabitha Kimani Benjamin Adjei Mark A Caudell The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya Antibiotics antimicrobial use poultry farming health seeking Ghana Kenya antimicrobial resistance |
| title | The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya |
| title_full | The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya |
| title_fullStr | The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya |
| title_short | The Impacts of Animal Health Service Providers on Antimicrobial Use Attitudes and Practices: An Examination of Poultry Layer Farmers in Ghana and Kenya |
| title_sort | impacts of animal health service providers on antimicrobial use attitudes and practices an examination of poultry layer farmers in ghana and kenya |
| topic | antimicrobial use poultry farming health seeking Ghana Kenya antimicrobial resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/9/9/554 |
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