How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis
Objectives We aimed to understand how capacity building programmes (CBPs) of district health managers (DHMs) have been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa. We focused on identifying the underlying assumptions behind leadership and management CBPs at the district level.Design Scop...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2023-08-01
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| Series: | BMJ Open |
| Online Access: | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/8/e071344.full |
| _version_ | 1797755845135564800 |
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| author | Bart Criel Bruno Marchal Zakaria Belrhiti Samuel Bosongo Faustin Chenge Joël Ekofo Chrispin Kabanga |
| author_facet | Bart Criel Bruno Marchal Zakaria Belrhiti Samuel Bosongo Faustin Chenge Joël Ekofo Chrispin Kabanga |
| author_sort | Bart Criel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objectives We aimed to understand how capacity building programmes (CBPs) of district health managers (DHMs) have been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa. We focused on identifying the underlying assumptions behind leadership and management CBPs at the district level.Design Scoping review.Data sources We searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Health Systems Evidence, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar) on 6 April 2021 and 13 October 2022. We also searched for grey literature and used citation tracking.Eligibility criteria We included all primary studies (1) reporting leadership or management capacity building of DHMs, (2) in sub-Saharan Africa, (3) written in English or French and (4) published between 1 January 1987 and 13 October 2022.Data extraction and synthesis Three independent reviewers extracted data from included articles. We used the best fit framework synthesis approach to identify an a priori framework that guided data coding, analysis and synthesis. We also conducted an inductive analysis of data that could not be coded against the a priori framework.Results We identified 2523 papers and ultimately included 44 papers after screening and assessment for eligibility. Key findings included (1) a scarcity of explicit theories underlying CBPs, (2) a diversity of learning approaches with increasing use of the action learning approach, (3) a diversity of content with a focus on management rather than leadership functions and (4) a diversity of evaluation methods with limited use of theory-driven designs to evaluate leadership and management capacity building interventions.Conclusion This review highlights the need for explicit and well-articulated programme theories for leadership and management development interventions and the need for strengthening their evaluation using theory-driven designs that fit the complexity of health systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:52:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd17281ce1b04af9b11fed71b5e61fae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2044-6055 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:52:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMJ Open |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd17281ce1b04af9b11fed71b5e61fae2023-08-03T01:20:06ZengBMJ Publishing GroupBMJ Open2044-60552023-08-0113810.1136/bmjopen-2022-071344How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysisBart Criel0Bruno Marchal1Zakaria Belrhiti2Samuel Bosongo3Faustin Chenge4Joël Ekofo5Chrispin Kabanga6Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, BelgiumKnowledge for Health Policies Center, University Mohammed VI of Health and Sciences, (UM6SS), Casablanca, MoroccoDepartment of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, BelgiumFaculté de Médecine et Pharmacie, Département de Santé Publique, Université de Kisangani, Kisangani, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)Centre de Connaissances en Santé en République Démocratique du Congo, Kinshasa, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)Centre de Connaissances en Santé en République Démocratique du Congo, Kinshasa, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)Objectives We aimed to understand how capacity building programmes (CBPs) of district health managers (DHMs) have been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa. We focused on identifying the underlying assumptions behind leadership and management CBPs at the district level.Design Scoping review.Data sources We searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, Health Systems Evidence, Wiley Online Library, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar) on 6 April 2021 and 13 October 2022. We also searched for grey literature and used citation tracking.Eligibility criteria We included all primary studies (1) reporting leadership or management capacity building of DHMs, (2) in sub-Saharan Africa, (3) written in English or French and (4) published between 1 January 1987 and 13 October 2022.Data extraction and synthesis Three independent reviewers extracted data from included articles. We used the best fit framework synthesis approach to identify an a priori framework that guided data coding, analysis and synthesis. We also conducted an inductive analysis of data that could not be coded against the a priori framework.Results We identified 2523 papers and ultimately included 44 papers after screening and assessment for eligibility. Key findings included (1) a scarcity of explicit theories underlying CBPs, (2) a diversity of learning approaches with increasing use of the action learning approach, (3) a diversity of content with a focus on management rather than leadership functions and (4) a diversity of evaluation methods with limited use of theory-driven designs to evaluate leadership and management capacity building interventions.Conclusion This review highlights the need for explicit and well-articulated programme theories for leadership and management development interventions and the need for strengthening their evaluation using theory-driven designs that fit the complexity of health systems.https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/8/e071344.full |
| spellingShingle | Bart Criel Bruno Marchal Zakaria Belrhiti Samuel Bosongo Faustin Chenge Joël Ekofo Chrispin Kabanga How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis BMJ Open |
| title | How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis |
| title_full | How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis |
| title_fullStr | How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis |
| title_short | How capacity building of district health managers has been designed, delivered and evaluated in sub-Saharan Africa: a scoping review and best fit framework analysis |
| title_sort | how capacity building of district health managers has been designed delivered and evaluated in sub saharan africa a scoping review and best fit framework analysis |
| url | https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/13/8/e071344.full |
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