Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities
Direct-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have attracted a lot of attention from industry and academia recently, as promising alternatives for large scale coverage of a massive number of IoT devices. In this work, we considered that a cluster of IoT devices was under the coverage of a c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7099 |
| _version_ | 1797511808822542336 |
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| author | Felipe Augusto Tondo Samuel Montejo-Sánchez Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz Sandra Céspedes Richard Demo Souza |
| author_facet | Felipe Augusto Tondo Samuel Montejo-Sánchez Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz Sandra Céspedes Richard Demo Souza |
| author_sort | Felipe Augusto Tondo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Direct-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have attracted a lot of attention from industry and academia recently, as promising alternatives for large scale coverage of a massive number of IoT devices. In this work, we considered that a cluster of IoT devices was under the coverage of a constellation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, while slotted Aloha was used as a medium access control technique. Then, we analyzed the throughput and packet loss rate while considering potentially different erasure probabilities at each of the visible satellites within the constellation. We show that different combinations of erasure probabilities at the LEO satellites and the IoT traffic load can lead to considerable differences in the system’s performance. Next, we introduce an intelligent traffic load distribution (ITLD) strategy, which, by choosing between a non-uniform allocation and the uniform traffic load distribution, guarantees a high overall system throughput, by allocating more appropriate amounts of traffic load at different positions (i.e., different sets of erasure probabilities) of the LEO constellation with respect to the IoT cluster. Finally, the results show that ITLD, a mechanism with low implementation complexity, allows the system to be much more scalable, intelligently exploiting the potential of the different positions of the satellite constellation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:53:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd51866f8385411d8ff4420c9a88cc44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:53:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd51866f8385411d8ff4420c9a88cc442023-11-22T21:36:36ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-10-012121709910.3390/s21217099Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure ProbabilitiesFelipe Augusto Tondo0Samuel Montejo-Sánchez1Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz2Sandra Céspedes3Richard Demo Souza4Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilPrograma Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación, Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, ChilePPGIa-Graduate Program in Computer Science, Pontifical Catholic University of Parana, Curitiba 80215-901, BrazilNIC Chile Research Labs and Department of Electrical Engineering, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8370451, ChileDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, BrazilDirect-to-satellite Internet of Things (IoT) solutions have attracted a lot of attention from industry and academia recently, as promising alternatives for large scale coverage of a massive number of IoT devices. In this work, we considered that a cluster of IoT devices was under the coverage of a constellation of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, while slotted Aloha was used as a medium access control technique. Then, we analyzed the throughput and packet loss rate while considering potentially different erasure probabilities at each of the visible satellites within the constellation. We show that different combinations of erasure probabilities at the LEO satellites and the IoT traffic load can lead to considerable differences in the system’s performance. Next, we introduce an intelligent traffic load distribution (ITLD) strategy, which, by choosing between a non-uniform allocation and the uniform traffic load distribution, guarantees a high overall system throughput, by allocating more appropriate amounts of traffic load at different positions (i.e., different sets of erasure probabilities) of the LEO constellation with respect to the IoT cluster. Finally, the results show that ITLD, a mechanism with low implementation complexity, allows the system to be much more scalable, intelligently exploiting the potential of the different positions of the satellite constellation.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7099machine-type communicationsIoTsatellite communications |
| spellingShingle | Felipe Augusto Tondo Samuel Montejo-Sánchez Marcelo Eduardo Pellenz Sandra Céspedes Richard Demo Souza Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities Sensors machine-type communications IoT satellite communications |
| title | Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities |
| title_full | Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities |
| title_fullStr | Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities |
| title_short | Direct-to-Satellite IoT Slotted Aloha Systems with Multiple Satellites and Unequal Erasure Probabilities |
| title_sort | direct to satellite iot slotted aloha systems with multiple satellites and unequal erasure probabilities |
| topic | machine-type communications IoT satellite communications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/21/7099 |
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