Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process
Heterogeneous photo-electro-Fenton process is an attractive technology for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants. To better exploit the presence of an irradiation source, a bifunctional catalyst with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles embedded into an iron–chitosan matrix was developed. The...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1425 |
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| author | Soumaya Rezgui Aida M. Díez Lotfi Monser Nafaa Adhoum Marta Pazos M. Ángeles Sanromán |
| author_facet | Soumaya Rezgui Aida M. Díez Lotfi Monser Nafaa Adhoum Marta Pazos M. Ángeles Sanromán |
| author_sort | Soumaya Rezgui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heterogeneous photo-electro-Fenton process is an attractive technology for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants. To better exploit the presence of an irradiation source, a bifunctional catalyst with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles embedded into an iron–chitosan matrix was developed. The catalytic activity of the catalyst was improved by the optimization of the loaded TiO<sub>2</sub> content. The prepared composite catalysts based on TiO<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and chitosan were called TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-CS beads. The best catalyst with an optimal ratio TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe = 2 exhibited a high efficiency in the degradation and mineralization of chlordimeform (CDM) insecticide. Under the optimum conditions (concentration of catalyst equal to 1 g L<sup>−1</sup> and applied current intensity equal to 70 mA), a real effluent doped with 30 mg L<sup>−1</sup> of CDM was efficiently treated, leading to 80.8 ± 1.9% TOC reduction after 6 h of treatment, with total removal of CDM after only 1 h.The generated carboxylic acids and minerals were identified and quantified. Furthermore, the stability and reusability of the developed catalyst was examined, and an insignificant reduction in catalytic activity was noticed for four consecutive cycles of the photo-electro-Fenton process. Analyses using SEM, XRD and VSM showed a good stability of the physicochemical properties of the catalyst after use. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:25:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd661d03f6154b75b46b882734c1ea1a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:25:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd661d03f6154b75b46b882734c1ea1a2023-11-24T07:55:52ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442022-11-011211142510.3390/catal12111425Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton ProcessSoumaya Rezgui0Aida M. Díez1Lotfi Monser2Nafaa Adhoum3Marta Pazos4M. Ángeles Sanromán5BIOSUV Research Group, INTECX Building, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende Campus, 36310 Vigo, SpainBIOSUV Research Group, INTECX Building, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende Campus, 36310 Vigo, SpainResearch Unit in Electrochemistry, Materials and Environment (UR16ES02), IPEIK, University of Kairouan, Kairouan 3100, TunisiaResearch Unit in Electrochemistry, Materials and Environment (UR16ES02), IPEIK, University of Kairouan, Kairouan 3100, TunisiaBIOSUV Research Group, INTECX Building, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende Campus, 36310 Vigo, SpainBIOSUV Research Group, INTECX Building, University of Vigo, Lagoas-Marcosende Campus, 36310 Vigo, SpainHeterogeneous photo-electro-Fenton process is an attractive technology for the removal of recalcitrant pollutants. To better exploit the presence of an irradiation source, a bifunctional catalyst with TiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles embedded into an iron–chitosan matrix was developed. The catalytic activity of the catalyst was improved by the optimization of the loaded TiO<sub>2</sub> content. The prepared composite catalysts based on TiO<sub>2</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> and chitosan were called TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-CS beads. The best catalyst with an optimal ratio TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe = 2 exhibited a high efficiency in the degradation and mineralization of chlordimeform (CDM) insecticide. Under the optimum conditions (concentration of catalyst equal to 1 g L<sup>−1</sup> and applied current intensity equal to 70 mA), a real effluent doped with 30 mg L<sup>−1</sup> of CDM was efficiently treated, leading to 80.8 ± 1.9% TOC reduction after 6 h of treatment, with total removal of CDM after only 1 h.The generated carboxylic acids and minerals were identified and quantified. Furthermore, the stability and reusability of the developed catalyst was examined, and an insignificant reduction in catalytic activity was noticed for four consecutive cycles of the photo-electro-Fenton process. Analyses using SEM, XRD and VSM showed a good stability of the physicochemical properties of the catalyst after use.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1425photo-electro-Fenton processchlordimeformwastewater treatmentbifunctional catalyst |
| spellingShingle | Soumaya Rezgui Aida M. Díez Lotfi Monser Nafaa Adhoum Marta Pazos M. Ángeles Sanromán Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process Catalysts photo-electro-Fenton process chlordimeform wastewater treatment bifunctional catalyst |
| title | Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process |
| title_full | Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process |
| title_short | Magnetic TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-Chitosan Beads: A Highly Efficient and Reusable Catalyst for Photo-Electro-Fenton Process |
| title_sort | magnetic tio sub 2 sub fe sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub chitosan beads a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for photo electro fenton process |
| topic | photo-electro-Fenton process chlordimeform wastewater treatment bifunctional catalyst |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/12/11/1425 |
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