Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries
Abstract This work reports influence of two different electrolytes, carbonate ester and ether electrolytes, on the sulfur redox reactions in room-temperature Na–S batteries. Two sulfur cathodes with different S loading ratio and status are investigated. A sulfur-rich composite with most sulfur dispe...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Nano-Micro Letters |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00648-w |
| _version_ | 1818624380336340992 |
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| author | Hanwen Liu Wei-Hong Lai Qiuran Yang Yaojie Lei Can Wu Nana Wang Yun-Xiao Wang Shu-Lei Chou Hua Kun Liu Shi Xue Dou |
| author_facet | Hanwen Liu Wei-Hong Lai Qiuran Yang Yaojie Lei Can Wu Nana Wang Yun-Xiao Wang Shu-Lei Chou Hua Kun Liu Shi Xue Dou |
| author_sort | Hanwen Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This work reports influence of two different electrolytes, carbonate ester and ether electrolytes, on the sulfur redox reactions in room-temperature Na–S batteries. Two sulfur cathodes with different S loading ratio and status are investigated. A sulfur-rich composite with most sulfur dispersed on the surface of a carbon host can realize a high loading ratio (72% S). In contrast, a confined sulfur sample can encapsulate S into the pores of the carbon host with a low loading ratio (44% S). In carbonate ester electrolyte, only the sulfur trapped in porous structures is active via ‘solid–solid’ behavior during cycling. The S cathode with high surface sulfur shows poor reversible capacity because of the severe side reactions between the surface polysulfides and the carbonate ester solvents. To improve the capacity of the sulfur-rich cathode, ether electrolyte with NaNO3 additive is explored to realize a ‘solid–liquid’ sulfur redox process and confine the shuttle effect of the dissolved polysulfides. As a result, the sulfur-rich cathode achieved high reversible capacity (483 mAh g−1), corresponding to a specific energy of 362 Wh kg−1 after 200 cycles, shedding light on the use of ether electrolyte for high-loading sulfur cathode. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:56:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd673c41a5294d8e8099440fee2ef447 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-6706 2150-5551 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T18:56:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nano-Micro Letters |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd673c41a5294d8e8099440fee2ef4472022-12-21T22:20:31ZengSpringerOpenNano-Micro Letters2311-67062150-55512021-05-0113111410.1007/s40820-021-00648-wUnderstanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S BatteriesHanwen Liu0Wei-Hong Lai1Qiuran Yang2Yaojie Lei3Can Wu4Nana Wang5Yun-Xiao Wang6Shu-Lei Chou7Hua Kun Liu8Shi Xue Dou9Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongInstitute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, University of WollongongAbstract This work reports influence of two different electrolytes, carbonate ester and ether electrolytes, on the sulfur redox reactions in room-temperature Na–S batteries. Two sulfur cathodes with different S loading ratio and status are investigated. A sulfur-rich composite with most sulfur dispersed on the surface of a carbon host can realize a high loading ratio (72% S). In contrast, a confined sulfur sample can encapsulate S into the pores of the carbon host with a low loading ratio (44% S). In carbonate ester electrolyte, only the sulfur trapped in porous structures is active via ‘solid–solid’ behavior during cycling. The S cathode with high surface sulfur shows poor reversible capacity because of the severe side reactions between the surface polysulfides and the carbonate ester solvents. To improve the capacity of the sulfur-rich cathode, ether electrolyte with NaNO3 additive is explored to realize a ‘solid–liquid’ sulfur redox process and confine the shuttle effect of the dissolved polysulfides. As a result, the sulfur-rich cathode achieved high reversible capacity (483 mAh g−1), corresponding to a specific energy of 362 Wh kg−1 after 200 cycles, shedding light on the use of ether electrolyte for high-loading sulfur cathode.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00648-wRoom-temperature sodium–sulfur batteriesCarbonate ester electrolyteEther electrolyteSulfur cathodeSulfur redox reactions |
| spellingShingle | Hanwen Liu Wei-Hong Lai Qiuran Yang Yaojie Lei Can Wu Nana Wang Yun-Xiao Wang Shu-Lei Chou Hua Kun Liu Shi Xue Dou Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries Nano-Micro Letters Room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries Carbonate ester electrolyte Ether electrolyte Sulfur cathode Sulfur redox reactions |
| title | Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries |
| title_full | Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries |
| title_fullStr | Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries |
| title_short | Understanding Sulfur Redox Mechanisms in Different Electrolytes for Room-Temperature Na–S Batteries |
| title_sort | understanding sulfur redox mechanisms in different electrolytes for room temperature na s batteries |
| topic | Room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries Carbonate ester electrolyte Ether electrolyte Sulfur cathode Sulfur redox reactions |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00648-w |
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