Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC) is a rare, heterogeneous group of invasive breast carcinomas, which are classified as predominantly triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBCs; HR-negative/HER2-negative). Histologically, MpBC is classified into s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-04-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/7/1433 |
| _version_ | 1797212807635140608 |
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| author | Elizve Nairoby Barrientos-Toro Qingqing Ding Maria Gabriela Raso |
| author_facet | Elizve Nairoby Barrientos-Toro Qingqing Ding Maria Gabriela Raso |
| author_sort | Elizve Nairoby Barrientos-Toro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC) is a rare, heterogeneous group of invasive breast carcinomas, which are classified as predominantly triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBCs; HR-negative/HER2-negative). Histologically, MpBC is classified into six subtypes. Two of these are considered low-grade and the others are high-grade. MpBCs seem to be more aggressive, less responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and have higher rates of chemoresistance than other TNBCs. MpBCs have a lower survival rate than expected for TNBCs. MpBC treatment represents a challenge, leading to a thorough exploration of the tumor immune microenvironment, which has recently opened the possibility of new therapeutic strategies. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition in MpBC is characterized by the loss of intercellular adhesion, downregulation of epithelial markers, underexpression of genes with biological epithelial functions, upregulation of mesenchymal markers, overexpression of genes with biological mesenchymal functions, acquisition of fibroblast-like (spindle) morphology, cytoskeleton reorganization, increased motility, invasiveness, and metastatic capabilities. This article reviews and summarizes the current knowledge and translational aspects of MpBC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:48:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd68fde907f34a5d85e90e01b0cbff65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T10:48:15Z |
| publishDate | 2024-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd68fde907f34a5d85e90e01b0cbff652024-04-12T13:16:20ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942024-04-01167143310.3390/cancers16071433Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast CarcinomaElizve Nairoby Barrientos-Toro0Qingqing Ding1Maria Gabriela Raso2Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Anatomical Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USADepartment of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USABreast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Metaplastic breast carcinoma (MpBC) is a rare, heterogeneous group of invasive breast carcinomas, which are classified as predominantly triple-negative breast carcinomas (TNBCs; HR-negative/HER2-negative). Histologically, MpBC is classified into six subtypes. Two of these are considered low-grade and the others are high-grade. MpBCs seem to be more aggressive, less responsive to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and have higher rates of chemoresistance than other TNBCs. MpBCs have a lower survival rate than expected for TNBCs. MpBC treatment represents a challenge, leading to a thorough exploration of the tumor immune microenvironment, which has recently opened the possibility of new therapeutic strategies. The epithelial–mesenchymal transition in MpBC is characterized by the loss of intercellular adhesion, downregulation of epithelial markers, underexpression of genes with biological epithelial functions, upregulation of mesenchymal markers, overexpression of genes with biological mesenchymal functions, acquisition of fibroblast-like (spindle) morphology, cytoskeleton reorganization, increased motility, invasiveness, and metastatic capabilities. This article reviews and summarizes the current knowledge and translational aspects of MpBC.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/7/1433metaplastic breast carcinomatriple-negative breast carcinomatumor immune microenvironmentepithelial–mesenchymal transitionclinical trials |
| spellingShingle | Elizve Nairoby Barrientos-Toro Qingqing Ding Maria Gabriela Raso Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma Cancers metaplastic breast carcinoma triple-negative breast carcinoma tumor immune microenvironment epithelial–mesenchymal transition clinical trials |
| title | Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma |
| title_full | Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma |
| title_short | Translational Aspects in Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma |
| title_sort | translational aspects in metaplastic breast carcinoma |
| topic | metaplastic breast carcinoma triple-negative breast carcinoma tumor immune microenvironment epithelial–mesenchymal transition clinical trials |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/16/7/1433 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT elizvenairobybarrientostoro translationalaspectsinmetaplasticbreastcarcinoma AT qingqingding translationalaspectsinmetaplasticbreastcarcinoma AT mariagabrielaraso translationalaspectsinmetaplasticbreastcarcinoma |