Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt
Abstract Background The current study was designed to investigate the in vitro effect of commercially available fasciolicides; albendazole (40 and 400 µg/ml), triclabendazole, rafoxanide and nitroxynil (50 and 100 µg/ml, each) against Fasciola gigantica adult worms. For all, worms were incubated for...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-022-00287-z |
| _version_ | 1811274909823795200 |
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| author | Omima Ramadan Abdel‑Fatah Waleed M. Arafa Ahmed Anwar Wahba Khaled Mohamed El‑Dakhly |
| author_facet | Omima Ramadan Abdel‑Fatah Waleed M. Arafa Ahmed Anwar Wahba Khaled Mohamed El‑Dakhly |
| author_sort | Omima Ramadan Abdel‑Fatah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The current study was designed to investigate the in vitro effect of commercially available fasciolicides; albendazole (40 and 400 µg/ml), triclabendazole, rafoxanide and nitroxynil (50 and 100 µg/ml, each) against Fasciola gigantica adult worms. For all, worms were incubated for 3 h. Worm's motility was macroscopically and microscopically detected. Reduction of egg deposition was estimated. Alterations of worm's cuticle post-treatments were recorded using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results Nitroxynil had the most flukicidal effect with mild movement quickly disappeared within 15 min post-treatment. It showed the highest egg reduction (88.3% and 95% at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, respectively). Findings of SEM showed severe furrowing and destruction of spines. In rafoxanide-treated group, the motility disappeared 75 min post-treatment, and the egg deposition was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced to 70% and 85% at the same concentrations. Teguments showed thickening, moderate furrowing and destruction of the spines. Albendazole showed the lowest effect: the motility of the worms was observed till 160 min post-treatment and the egg reduction was 43% and 75% at the same concentrations. Interestingly, in albendazole-treated flukes, the tegument had severe furrowing and spines were completely sloughed. Similarly, in triclabendazole-treated flukes, worms motility was observed till 160 min post-treatment and the egg reduction was 76.6% and 88.3%. The tegument showed swelling and mild furrowing with moderately damaged spines. Conclusions Nitroxynil was the most potent flukicide inducing evidential cuticular changes. Although albendazole induced the most potent cuticular damage, it showed the lowest flukicidal effect. Further in vivo study to investigate resistance/susceptibility of Fasciola species in cattle and buffaloes will be carried out. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:27:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd72ed6f862c41e4b63d84129b57f421 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2314-8543 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:27:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd72ed6f862c41e4b63d84129b57f4212022-12-22T03:12:22ZengSpringerOpenBeni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences2314-85432022-08-0111111110.1186/s43088-022-00287-zTegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in EgyptOmima Ramadan Abdel‑Fatah0Waleed M. Arafa1Ahmed Anwar Wahba2Khaled Mohamed El‑Dakhly3Animal Health Research InstituteDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef UniversityAnimal Health Research InstituteDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef UniversityAbstract Background The current study was designed to investigate the in vitro effect of commercially available fasciolicides; albendazole (40 and 400 µg/ml), triclabendazole, rafoxanide and nitroxynil (50 and 100 µg/ml, each) against Fasciola gigantica adult worms. For all, worms were incubated for 3 h. Worm's motility was macroscopically and microscopically detected. Reduction of egg deposition was estimated. Alterations of worm's cuticle post-treatments were recorded using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results Nitroxynil had the most flukicidal effect with mild movement quickly disappeared within 15 min post-treatment. It showed the highest egg reduction (88.3% and 95% at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/ml, respectively). Findings of SEM showed severe furrowing and destruction of spines. In rafoxanide-treated group, the motility disappeared 75 min post-treatment, and the egg deposition was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced to 70% and 85% at the same concentrations. Teguments showed thickening, moderate furrowing and destruction of the spines. Albendazole showed the lowest effect: the motility of the worms was observed till 160 min post-treatment and the egg reduction was 43% and 75% at the same concentrations. Interestingly, in albendazole-treated flukes, the tegument had severe furrowing and spines were completely sloughed. Similarly, in triclabendazole-treated flukes, worms motility was observed till 160 min post-treatment and the egg reduction was 76.6% and 88.3%. The tegument showed swelling and mild furrowing with moderately damaged spines. Conclusions Nitroxynil was the most potent flukicide inducing evidential cuticular changes. Although albendazole induced the most potent cuticular damage, it showed the lowest flukicidal effect. Further in vivo study to investigate resistance/susceptibility of Fasciola species in cattle and buffaloes will be carried out.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-022-00287-zFlukicidesFasciola giganticaMotilityEgg reductionSEMCuticular alterations |
| spellingShingle | Omima Ramadan Abdel‑Fatah Waleed M. Arafa Ahmed Anwar Wahba Khaled Mohamed El‑Dakhly Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences Flukicides Fasciola gigantica Motility Egg reduction SEM Cuticular alterations |
| title | Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt |
| title_full | Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt |
| title_fullStr | Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt |
| title_short | Tegumental alterations and resistance of Fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in Egypt |
| title_sort | tegumental alterations and resistance of fasciola gigantica adult worms exposed to flukicides in egypt |
| topic | Flukicides Fasciola gigantica Motility Egg reduction SEM Cuticular alterations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43088-022-00287-z |
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