Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice.
BACKGROUND:Pneumolysin (PLN) is an intracellular toxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae that has been implicated as a major virulence factor in infections caused by this pathogen. Conserved bacterial motifs are recognized by the immune system by pattern recognition receptors among which the family of Tol...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2009-11-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2776357?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1817990019101491200 |
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| author | Mark C Dessing Robert A Hirst Alex F de Vos Tom van der Poll |
| author_facet | Mark C Dessing Robert A Hirst Alex F de Vos Tom van der Poll |
| author_sort | Mark C Dessing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND:Pneumolysin (PLN) is an intracellular toxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae that has been implicated as a major virulence factor in infections caused by this pathogen. Conserved bacterial motifs are recognized by the immune system by pattern recognition receptors among which the family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) prominently features. The primary objective of the present study was to determine the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in lung inflammation induced by intrapulmonary delivery of PLN. METHODOLOGY/RESULTS:First, we confirmed that purified PLN activates cells via TLR4 (not via TLR2) in vitro, using human embryonic kidney cells transfected with either TLR2 or TLR4. Intranasal administration of PLN induced an inflammatory response in the pulmonary compartment of mice in vivo, as reflected by influx of neutrophils, release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and a rise in total protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These PLN-induced responses were dependent in part, not only on TLR4, but also on TLR2, as indicated by studies using TLR deficient mice. CONCLUSION:These data suggest that although purified PLN is recognized by TLR4 in vitro, PLN elicits lung inflammation in vivo by mechanisms that may involve multiple TLRs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:53:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd7c6de4c7b947e19283213e89b3eddf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T00:53:57Z |
| publishDate | 2009-11-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd7c6de4c7b947e19283213e89b3eddf2022-12-22T02:21:40ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032009-11-01411e799310.1371/journal.pone.0007993Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice.Mark C DessingRobert A HirstAlex F de VosTom van der PollBACKGROUND:Pneumolysin (PLN) is an intracellular toxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae that has been implicated as a major virulence factor in infections caused by this pathogen. Conserved bacterial motifs are recognized by the immune system by pattern recognition receptors among which the family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) prominently features. The primary objective of the present study was to determine the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in lung inflammation induced by intrapulmonary delivery of PLN. METHODOLOGY/RESULTS:First, we confirmed that purified PLN activates cells via TLR4 (not via TLR2) in vitro, using human embryonic kidney cells transfected with either TLR2 or TLR4. Intranasal administration of PLN induced an inflammatory response in the pulmonary compartment of mice in vivo, as reflected by influx of neutrophils, release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and a rise in total protein concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. These PLN-induced responses were dependent in part, not only on TLR4, but also on TLR2, as indicated by studies using TLR deficient mice. CONCLUSION:These data suggest that although purified PLN is recognized by TLR4 in vitro, PLN elicits lung inflammation in vivo by mechanisms that may involve multiple TLRs.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2776357?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Mark C Dessing Robert A Hirst Alex F de Vos Tom van der Poll Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice. PLoS ONE |
| title | Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice. |
| title_full | Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice. |
| title_fullStr | Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice. |
| title_short | Role of Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice. |
| title_sort | role of toll like receptors 2 and 4 in pulmonary inflammation and injury induced by pneumolysin in mice |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2776357?pdf=render |
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