Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>
In the current study, the antibacterial activity of positively and negatively charged spherical hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) with primary size of 45 and 70 nm was evaluated against clinically relevant bacteria <i>Escher...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/652 |
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| author | Svetlana Vihodceva Andris Šutka Mariliis Sihtmäe Merilin Rosenberg Maarja Otsus Imbi Kurvet Krisjanis Smits Liga Bikse Anne Kahru Kaja Kasemets |
| author_facet | Svetlana Vihodceva Andris Šutka Mariliis Sihtmäe Merilin Rosenberg Maarja Otsus Imbi Kurvet Krisjanis Smits Liga Bikse Anne Kahru Kaja Kasemets |
| author_sort | Svetlana Vihodceva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the current study, the antibacterial activity of positively and negatively charged spherical hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) with primary size of 45 and 70 nm was evaluated against clinically relevant bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> (gram-negative) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (gram-positive) as well as against naturally bioluminescent bacteria <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> (an ecotoxicological model organism). <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs were synthesized using a simple green hydrothermal method and the surface charge was altered via citrate coating. To minimize the interference of testing environment with NP’s physic-chemical properties, <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were exposed to NPs in deionized water for 30 min and 24 h, covering concentrations from 1 to 1000 mg/L. The growth inhibition was evaluated following the postexposure colony-forming ability of bacteria on toxicant-free agar plates. The positively charged <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at concentrations from 100 mg/L upwards showed inhibitory activity towards <i>E. coli</i> already after 30 min of contact. Extending the exposure to 24 h caused total inhibition of growth at 100 mg/L. Bactericidal activity of positively charged hematite NPs against <i>S. aureus</i> was not observed up to 1000 mg/L. Differently from positively charged hematite NPs, negatively charged citrate-coated <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs did not exhibit any antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> even at 1000 mg/L. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometer analysis showed that bacteria were more tightly associated with positively charged <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs than with negatively charged citrate-coated <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs. Moreover, the observed associations were more evident in the case of <i>E. coli</i> than <i>S. aureus</i>, being coherent with the toxicity results. <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> bioluminescence inhibition assays (exposure medium 2% NaCl) and colony forming ability on agar plates showed no (eco)toxicity of <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (EC<sub>50</sub> and MBC > 1000 mg/L). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:03:32Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:03:32Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd802105fbef4323808b376a427e7db12023-12-03T12:57:39ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-03-0111365210.3390/nano11030652Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i>Svetlana Vihodceva0Andris Šutka1Mariliis Sihtmäe2Merilin Rosenberg3Maarja Otsus4Imbi Kurvet5Krisjanis Smits6Liga Bikse7Anne Kahru8Kaja Kasemets9Research Laboratory of Functional Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, LatviaResearch Laboratory of Functional Materials Technologies, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena 3/7, LV-1048 Riga, LatviaLaboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, EstoniaLaboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, EstoniaLaboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, EstoniaLaboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, EstoniaInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga 8, LV-1063 Riga, LatviaInstitute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia, Kengaraga 8, LV-1063 Riga, LatviaLaboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, EstoniaLaboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, EstoniaIn the current study, the antibacterial activity of positively and negatively charged spherical hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) with primary size of 45 and 70 nm was evaluated against clinically relevant bacteria <i>Escherichia coli</i> (gram-negative) and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (gram-positive) as well as against naturally bioluminescent bacteria <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> (an ecotoxicological model organism). <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs were synthesized using a simple green hydrothermal method and the surface charge was altered via citrate coating. To minimize the interference of testing environment with NP’s physic-chemical properties, <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> were exposed to NPs in deionized water for 30 min and 24 h, covering concentrations from 1 to 1000 mg/L. The growth inhibition was evaluated following the postexposure colony-forming ability of bacteria on toxicant-free agar plates. The positively charged <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> at concentrations from 100 mg/L upwards showed inhibitory activity towards <i>E. coli</i> already after 30 min of contact. Extending the exposure to 24 h caused total inhibition of growth at 100 mg/L. Bactericidal activity of positively charged hematite NPs against <i>S. aureus</i> was not observed up to 1000 mg/L. Differently from positively charged hematite NPs, negatively charged citrate-coated <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs did not exhibit any antibacterial activity against <i>E. coli</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> even at 1000 mg/L. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and flow cytometer analysis showed that bacteria were more tightly associated with positively charged <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs than with negatively charged citrate-coated <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> NPs. Moreover, the observed associations were more evident in the case of <i>E. coli</i> than <i>S. aureus</i>, being coherent with the toxicity results. <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> bioluminescence inhibition assays (exposure medium 2% NaCl) and colony forming ability on agar plates showed no (eco)toxicity of <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (EC<sub>50</sub> and MBC > 1000 mg/L).https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/652hematite<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticleshydrothermal synthesissurface chargeantibacterialnano-bio interactions |
| spellingShingle | Svetlana Vihodceva Andris Šutka Mariliis Sihtmäe Merilin Rosenberg Maarja Otsus Imbi Kurvet Krisjanis Smits Liga Bikse Anne Kahru Kaja Kasemets Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> Nanomaterials hematite <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles hydrothermal synthesis surface charge antibacterial nano-bio interactions |
| title | Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> |
| title_full | Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> |
| title_fullStr | Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> |
| title_short | Antibacterial Activity of Positively and Negatively Charged Hematite (<i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) Nanoparticles to <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Vibrio fischeri</i> |
| title_sort | antibacterial activity of positively and negatively charged hematite i α i fe sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub nanoparticles to i escherichia coli i i staphylococcus aureus i and i vibrio fischeri i |
| topic | hematite <i>α</i>-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles hydrothermal synthesis surface charge antibacterial nano-bio interactions |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/3/652 |
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