Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing
Thermal response tests are used to assess the subsurface thermal conductivity to design ground-coupled heat pump systems. Conventional tests are cumbersome and require a source of high power to heat water circulating in a pilot ground heat exchanger. An alternative test method using heating cable wa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/11/3059 |
| _version_ | 1811308036630773760 |
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| author | Maria Isabel Vélez Márquez Jasmin Raymond Daniela Blessent Mikael Philippe Nataline Simon Olivier Bour Louis Lamarche |
| author_facet | Maria Isabel Vélez Márquez Jasmin Raymond Daniela Blessent Mikael Philippe Nataline Simon Olivier Bour Louis Lamarche |
| author_sort | Maria Isabel Vélez Márquez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thermal response tests are used to assess the subsurface thermal conductivity to design ground-coupled heat pump systems. Conventional tests are cumbersome and require a source of high power to heat water circulating in a pilot ground heat exchanger. An alternative test method using heating cable was verified in the field as an option to conduct this heat injection experiment with a low power source and a compact equipment. Two thermal response tests using heating cable sections and a continuous heating cable were performed in two experimental heat exchangers on different sites in Canada and France. The temperature evolution during the tests was monitored using submersible sensors and fiber optic distributed temperature sensing. Free convection that can occur in the pipe of the heat exchanger was evaluated using the Rayleigh number stability criterion. The finite and infinite line source equations were used to reproduce temperature variations along the heating cable sections and continuous heating cable, respectively. The thermal conductivity profile of each site was inferred and the uncertainly of the test was evaluated. A mean thermal conductivity 15% higher than that revealed with the conventional test was estimated with heating cable sections. The thermal conductivity evaluated using the continuous heating cable corresponds to the value estimated during the conventional test. The average uncertainly associated with the heating cable section test was 15.18%, while an uncertainty of 2.14% was estimated for the test with the continuous heating cable. According to the Rayleigh number stability criterion, significant free convection can occur during the heat injection period when heating cable sections are used. The continuous heating cable with a low power source is a promising method to perform thermal response tests and further tests could be carried out in deep boreholes to verify its applicability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:14:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cd91579ec97144b7a44cf4212cf5d82a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T09:14:47Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd91579ec97144b7a44cf4212cf5d82a2022-12-22T02:52:45ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732018-11-011111305910.3390/en11113059en11113059Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature SensingMaria Isabel Vélez Márquez0Jasmin Raymond1Daniela Blessent2Mikael Philippe3Nataline Simon4Olivier Bour5Louis Lamarche6Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, CanadaInstitut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, QC G1K 9A9, CanadaUniversidad de Medellín, Programa de Ingeniería Ambiental, Medellín 050026, ColombiaBRGM, Georesources Division, 45060 Orléans CEDEX 2, FranceUniv Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes—UMR 6118, F-35000 Rennes, FranceUniv Rennes, CNRS, Géosciences Rennes—UMR 6118, F-35000 Rennes, FranceÉcole de Technologie Supérieure, Département de génie mécanique, Montréal, QC H3C 1K3, CanadaThermal response tests are used to assess the subsurface thermal conductivity to design ground-coupled heat pump systems. Conventional tests are cumbersome and require a source of high power to heat water circulating in a pilot ground heat exchanger. An alternative test method using heating cable was verified in the field as an option to conduct this heat injection experiment with a low power source and a compact equipment. Two thermal response tests using heating cable sections and a continuous heating cable were performed in two experimental heat exchangers on different sites in Canada and France. The temperature evolution during the tests was monitored using submersible sensors and fiber optic distributed temperature sensing. Free convection that can occur in the pipe of the heat exchanger was evaluated using the Rayleigh number stability criterion. The finite and infinite line source equations were used to reproduce temperature variations along the heating cable sections and continuous heating cable, respectively. The thermal conductivity profile of each site was inferred and the uncertainly of the test was evaluated. A mean thermal conductivity 15% higher than that revealed with the conventional test was estimated with heating cable sections. The thermal conductivity evaluated using the continuous heating cable corresponds to the value estimated during the conventional test. The average uncertainly associated with the heating cable section test was 15.18%, while an uncertainty of 2.14% was estimated for the test with the continuous heating cable. According to the Rayleigh number stability criterion, significant free convection can occur during the heat injection period when heating cable sections are used. The continuous heating cable with a low power source is a promising method to perform thermal response tests and further tests could be carried out in deep boreholes to verify its applicability.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/11/3059geothermalthermal response testfiber opticthermal conductivityheating cable |
| spellingShingle | Maria Isabel Vélez Márquez Jasmin Raymond Daniela Blessent Mikael Philippe Nataline Simon Olivier Bour Louis Lamarche Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing Energies geothermal thermal response test fiber optic thermal conductivity heating cable |
| title | Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing |
| title_full | Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing |
| title_fullStr | Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing |
| title_short | Distributed Thermal Response Tests Using a Heating Cable and Fiber Optic Temperature Sensing |
| title_sort | distributed thermal response tests using a heating cable and fiber optic temperature sensing |
| topic | geothermal thermal response test fiber optic thermal conductivity heating cable |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/11/3059 |
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