Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations
Adaptation plasticity constitutes a key factor in the development of such plants under different ecoclimatic conditions. The current study was designed to determine the morphological and phenotypic variability of <i>Ajuga iva</i> collected from distinct geographical locations in Morocco...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/14/3/57 |
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| author | Laila Lahrizi Faouzi Errachidi Driss Ousaaid Lahsen El Ghadraoui |
| author_facet | Laila Lahrizi Faouzi Errachidi Driss Ousaaid Lahsen El Ghadraoui |
| author_sort | Laila Lahrizi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Adaptation plasticity constitutes a key factor in the development of such plants under different ecoclimatic conditions. The current study was designed to determine the morphological and phenotypic variability of <i>Ajuga iva</i> collected from distinct geographical locations in Morocco and their phenolic content. Four samples of <i>Ajuga iva</i> were collected to evaluate the morphological variability and adaptability to ensure the sustainable growth of this medicinal plant known for its unique biological properties. Eleven morphological parameters were selected, including length, width, number, distance, and the thickness of different parts, as well as total phenolic content. Statistical tools, such as principal component analysis, and correlation were used to assess the change in the parameters under study based on the geographical origin. Treatment of the obtained results revealed a high variability of morphological parameters of different samples according to the site and altitude, and the interaction between the studied factors. The sample collected from Jbel Zerhoun registered the highest values of the following morphological parameters: APL (12.47 ± 2.09 cm), UPL (6.56 ± 0.40 cm), APW (3.28 ± 1.59 g), UPW (1.24 ± 0.19 g), LW (0.40 ± 0.10 cm), LN (44 ± 4), and NN (21.33 ± 2.51). The samples collected from an altitude above 1000 m showed the highest values of different morphological parameters (aerial part length and weight, underground part weight, leaf number and weight, and node number) and registered the maximum of TPC (124.12 mg GAE/g, 128.86 mg GAE/g, and 164.75 mg GAE/g for samples collected from Immouzzer Kander, Jbel Zerhoun, and Azrou, respectively). Therefore, the samples from high elevations can resist environmental critical conditions by the emergence of different biochemical processes to synthesize bioactive compounds with multifaceted effects. |
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| language | English |
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| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-cd9a1868dfda4061bf1fec52028b735b2023-11-19T11:12:44ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Plant Biology2037-01642023-08-0114377077910.3390/ijpb14030057Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical LocationsLaila Lahrizi0Faouzi Errachidi1Driss Ousaaid2Lahsen El Ghadraoui3Laboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes 30050, MoroccoLaboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes 30050, MoroccoLaboratory of Natural Substances, Pharmacology, Environment, Modeling, Health and Quality of Life (SNAMOPEQ), Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahraz, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, MoroccoLaboratory of Functional Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, Fes 30050, MoroccoAdaptation plasticity constitutes a key factor in the development of such plants under different ecoclimatic conditions. The current study was designed to determine the morphological and phenotypic variability of <i>Ajuga iva</i> collected from distinct geographical locations in Morocco and their phenolic content. Four samples of <i>Ajuga iva</i> were collected to evaluate the morphological variability and adaptability to ensure the sustainable growth of this medicinal plant known for its unique biological properties. Eleven morphological parameters were selected, including length, width, number, distance, and the thickness of different parts, as well as total phenolic content. Statistical tools, such as principal component analysis, and correlation were used to assess the change in the parameters under study based on the geographical origin. Treatment of the obtained results revealed a high variability of morphological parameters of different samples according to the site and altitude, and the interaction between the studied factors. The sample collected from Jbel Zerhoun registered the highest values of the following morphological parameters: APL (12.47 ± 2.09 cm), UPL (6.56 ± 0.40 cm), APW (3.28 ± 1.59 g), UPW (1.24 ± 0.19 g), LW (0.40 ± 0.10 cm), LN (44 ± 4), and NN (21.33 ± 2.51). The samples collected from an altitude above 1000 m showed the highest values of different morphological parameters (aerial part length and weight, underground part weight, leaf number and weight, and node number) and registered the maximum of TPC (124.12 mg GAE/g, 128.86 mg GAE/g, and 164.75 mg GAE/g for samples collected from Immouzzer Kander, Jbel Zerhoun, and Azrou, respectively). Therefore, the samples from high elevations can resist environmental critical conditions by the emergence of different biochemical processes to synthesize bioactive compounds with multifaceted effects.https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/14/3/57<i>Ajuga iva</i>morphological attributesenvironmental conditionstotal phenolic content |
| spellingShingle | Laila Lahrizi Faouzi Errachidi Driss Ousaaid Lahsen El Ghadraoui Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations International Journal of Plant Biology <i>Ajuga iva</i> morphological attributes environmental conditions total phenolic content |
| title | Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations |
| title_full | Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations |
| title_fullStr | Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations |
| title_short | Morphological Variability and Adaptability and Phenolic Content of <i>Ajuga iva</i> Collected from Distinct Moroccan Geographical Locations |
| title_sort | morphological variability and adaptability and phenolic content of i ajuga iva i collected from distinct moroccan geographical locations |
| topic | <i>Ajuga iva</i> morphological attributes environmental conditions total phenolic content |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2037-0164/14/3/57 |
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