Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment
Background This study aimed to assess the effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults by cephalometric assessment. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on 142 cephalograms of patients who und...
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-10-01
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| author | Omid Mortezai Zeynab Shalli Maryam Tofangchiha Ahad Alizadeh Francesco Pagnoni Rodolfo Reda Luca Testarelli |
| author_facet | Omid Mortezai Zeynab Shalli Maryam Tofangchiha Ahad Alizadeh Francesco Pagnoni Rodolfo Reda Luca Testarelli |
| author_sort | Omid Mortezai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background This study aimed to assess the effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults by cephalometric assessment. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on 142 cephalograms of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in four groups of (I) 40 class I patients with bimaxillary protrusion and maximum anchorage, (II) 40 class I patients with moderate crowding and anchorage, (III) 40 class II patients with maximum anchorage, and (IV) 22 skeletal class III patients with maximum anchorage. The dimensions of the nasopharynx, velopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx, and hyoid bone position were assessed on pre- and postoperative lateral cephalograms using AudaxCeph v6.1.4.3951 software. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, paired t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test (alpha = 0.05). Results A significant reduction in oropharyngeal, velopharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal airway dimensions was noted in groups I, III, and IV (P < 0.001), which was correlated with the magnitude of retraction of upper and lower incisors (r = 0.6 − 0.8). In group II, a significant increase was observed in oropharyngeal and velopharyngeal dimensions (P < 0.001). A significant increase in nasopharyngeal dimensions occurred in all groups (P < 0.001). Also, in groups I and III, the position of hyoid bone changed downwards and backwards, which was correlated with reduction in airway dimensions (r = 0.4 − 0.6). Conclusion According to the present results, extraction orthodontic treatment affects upper airway dimensions and hyoid bone position. Maximum anchorage decreases airway dimensions while moderate anchorage increases airway dimensions. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:50:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-cda6f782d04e4e1e81cf97bbbd3f4a802023-12-03T10:29:09ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-10-0111e1596010.7717/peerj.15960Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessmentOmid Mortezai0Zeynab Shalli1Maryam Tofangchiha2Ahad Alizadeh3Francesco Pagnoni4Rodolfo Reda5Luca Testarelli6Department of Orthodontics, Dental faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranDepartment of Orthodontics, Dental faculty, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranDental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranMedical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, IranDepartment of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Oral and Maxillo Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, ItalyBackground This study aimed to assess the effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults by cephalometric assessment. Methods This retrospective study was conducted on 142 cephalograms of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in four groups of (I) 40 class I patients with bimaxillary protrusion and maximum anchorage, (II) 40 class I patients with moderate crowding and anchorage, (III) 40 class II patients with maximum anchorage, and (IV) 22 skeletal class III patients with maximum anchorage. The dimensions of the nasopharynx, velopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx, and hyoid bone position were assessed on pre- and postoperative lateral cephalograms using AudaxCeph v6.1.4.3951 software. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, paired t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test (alpha = 0.05). Results A significant reduction in oropharyngeal, velopharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal airway dimensions was noted in groups I, III, and IV (P < 0.001), which was correlated with the magnitude of retraction of upper and lower incisors (r = 0.6 − 0.8). In group II, a significant increase was observed in oropharyngeal and velopharyngeal dimensions (P < 0.001). A significant increase in nasopharyngeal dimensions occurred in all groups (P < 0.001). Also, in groups I and III, the position of hyoid bone changed downwards and backwards, which was correlated with reduction in airway dimensions (r = 0.4 − 0.6). Conclusion According to the present results, extraction orthodontic treatment affects upper airway dimensions and hyoid bone position. Maximum anchorage decreases airway dimensions while moderate anchorage increases airway dimensions.https://peerj.com/articles/15960.pdfSpace closureUpper Airway dimensionsHyoid boneCephalometricRetrospettive study |
| spellingShingle | Omid Mortezai Zeynab Shalli Maryam Tofangchiha Ahad Alizadeh Francesco Pagnoni Rodolfo Reda Luca Testarelli Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment PeerJ Space closure Upper Airway dimensions Hyoid bone Cephalometric Retrospettive study |
| title | Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment |
| title_full | Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment |
| title_fullStr | Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment |
| title_short | Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment |
| title_sort | effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults a retrospective cephalometric assessment |
| topic | Space closure Upper Airway dimensions Hyoid bone Cephalometric Retrospettive study |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/15960.pdf |
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