Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in cancer immunotherapy, requiring effective methods for response monitoring. This study evaluated changes in <sup>18</sup>F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and <sup>18</sup>F-fluorothymidine (FLT) uptake by tumors followin...
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MDPI AG
2022-08-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/16/9273 |
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| author | Sera Oh Hyewon Youn Jin Chul Paeng Young-Hwa Kim Chul-Hee Lee Hongyoon Choi Keon Wook Kang June-Key Chung Gi Jeong Cheon |
| author_facet | Sera Oh Hyewon Youn Jin Chul Paeng Young-Hwa Kim Chul-Hee Lee Hongyoon Choi Keon Wook Kang June-Key Chung Gi Jeong Cheon |
| author_sort | Sera Oh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in cancer immunotherapy, requiring effective methods for response monitoring. This study evaluated changes in <sup>18</sup>F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and <sup>18</sup>F-fluorothymidine (FLT) uptake by tumors following ICI treatment as potential imaging biomarkers in mice. Tumor uptakes of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT were measured and compared between the ICI treatment and control groups. A combined imaging index of glucose–thymidine uptake ratio (GTR) was defined and compared between groups. In the ICI treatment group, tumor growth was effectively inhibited, and higher proportions of immune cells were observed. In the early phase, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake was higher in the treatment group, whereas <sup>18</sup>F-FLT uptake was not different. There was no difference in <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake between the two groups in the late phase. However, <sup>18</sup>F-FLT uptake of the control group was markedly increased compared with the ICI treatment group. GTR was consistently higher in the ICI treatment group in the early and late phases. After ICI treatment, changes in tumor cell proliferation were observed with <sup>18</sup>F-FLT, whereas <sup>18</sup>F-FDG showed altered metabolism in both tumor and immune cells. A combination of <sup>18</sup>F-FLT and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET, such as GTR, is expected to serve as a potentially effective imaging biomarker for monitoring ICI treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:19:23Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:19:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-cdc02176126d4498848b87e2022e5c1b2023-12-03T13:49:33ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-08-012316927310.3390/ijms23169273Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor TherapySera Oh0Hyewon Youn1Jin Chul Paeng2Young-Hwa Kim3Chul-Hee Lee4Hongyoon Choi5Keon Wook Kang6June-Key Chung7Gi Jeong Cheon8Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, KoreaImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are widely used in cancer immunotherapy, requiring effective methods for response monitoring. This study evaluated changes in <sup>18</sup>F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) and <sup>18</sup>F-fluorothymidine (FLT) uptake by tumors following ICI treatment as potential imaging biomarkers in mice. Tumor uptakes of <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT were measured and compared between the ICI treatment and control groups. A combined imaging index of glucose–thymidine uptake ratio (GTR) was defined and compared between groups. In the ICI treatment group, tumor growth was effectively inhibited, and higher proportions of immune cells were observed. In the early phase, <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake was higher in the treatment group, whereas <sup>18</sup>F-FLT uptake was not different. There was no difference in <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake between the two groups in the late phase. However, <sup>18</sup>F-FLT uptake of the control group was markedly increased compared with the ICI treatment group. GTR was consistently higher in the ICI treatment group in the early and late phases. After ICI treatment, changes in tumor cell proliferation were observed with <sup>18</sup>F-FLT, whereas <sup>18</sup>F-FDG showed altered metabolism in both tumor and immune cells. A combination of <sup>18</sup>F-FLT and <sup>18</sup>F-FDG PET, such as GTR, is expected to serve as a potentially effective imaging biomarker for monitoring ICI treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/16/9273<sup>18</sup>F-FDG<sup>18</sup>F-FLTmetabolism indexglucose–thymidine ratio(GTR)immune checkpoint therapy |
| spellingShingle | Sera Oh Hyewon Youn Jin Chul Paeng Young-Hwa Kim Chul-Hee Lee Hongyoon Choi Keon Wook Kang June-Key Chung Gi Jeong Cheon Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy International Journal of Molecular Sciences <sup>18</sup>F-FDG <sup>18</sup>F-FLT metabolism index glucose–thymidine ratio(GTR) immune checkpoint therapy |
| title | Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy |
| title_full | Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy |
| title_short | Glucose–Thymidine Ratio as a Metabolism Index Using <sup>18</sup>F-FDG and <sup>18</sup>F-FLT PET Uptake as a Potential Imaging Biomarker for Evaluating Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy |
| title_sort | glucose thymidine ratio as a metabolism index using sup 18 sup f fdg and sup 18 sup f flt pet uptake as a potential imaging biomarker for evaluating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy |
| topic | <sup>18</sup>F-FDG <sup>18</sup>F-FLT metabolism index glucose–thymidine ratio(GTR) immune checkpoint therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/16/9273 |
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