The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>)
With the recent development of LED lighting systems for plant cultivation, the use of vertical farming under controlled conditions is attracting increased attention. This study investigated the impact of a number of LED light spectra (red, blue, green and white) on the growth, development and essent...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/342 |
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| author | Hail Z. Rihan Naofel Aljafer Marwa Jbara Lynn McCallum Sabine Lengger Michael P. Fuller |
| author_facet | Hail Z. Rihan Naofel Aljafer Marwa Jbara Lynn McCallum Sabine Lengger Michael P. Fuller |
| author_sort | Hail Z. Rihan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | With the recent development of LED lighting systems for plant cultivation, the use of vertical farming under controlled conditions is attracting increased attention. This study investigated the impact of a number of LED light spectra (red, blue, green and white) on the growth, development and essential oil content of lemon balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>), a herb and pharmaceutical plant species used across the world. White light and red-rich light spectra gave the best outputs in terms of impact on the growth and yield. For blue-rich spectra, the development and yield was lower despite having a significant impact on the photosynthesis activity, including Fv/Fm and NDVI values. For the blue-rich spectra, a peak wavelength of 450 mn was better than that of 435 nm. The results have practical value in terms of increased yield and the reduction of electricity consumption under controlled environmental conditions for the commercial production of lemon balm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:19:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cdc05597205443fa8fc2644b18f054ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:19:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-cdc05597205443fa8fc2644b18f054ea2023-11-23T17:30:21ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-01-0111334210.3390/plants11030342The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>)Hail Z. Rihan0Naofel Aljafer1Marwa Jbara2Lynn McCallum3Sabine Lengger4Michael P. Fuller5School of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UKSchool of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UKSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UKSchool of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UKSchool of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UKSchool of Biological and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Plymouth, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UKWith the recent development of LED lighting systems for plant cultivation, the use of vertical farming under controlled conditions is attracting increased attention. This study investigated the impact of a number of LED light spectra (red, blue, green and white) on the growth, development and essential oil content of lemon balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>), a herb and pharmaceutical plant species used across the world. White light and red-rich light spectra gave the best outputs in terms of impact on the growth and yield. For blue-rich spectra, the development and yield was lower despite having a significant impact on the photosynthesis activity, including Fv/Fm and NDVI values. For the blue-rich spectra, a peak wavelength of 450 mn was better than that of 435 nm. The results have practical value in terms of increased yield and the reduction of electricity consumption under controlled environmental conditions for the commercial production of lemon balm.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/342vertical farming435 nm450 nmwhite lightlight qualitygrowth |
| spellingShingle | Hail Z. Rihan Naofel Aljafer Marwa Jbara Lynn McCallum Sabine Lengger Michael P. Fuller The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>) Plants vertical farming 435 nm 450 nm white light light quality growth |
| title | The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>) |
| title_full | The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>) |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>) |
| title_short | The Impact of LED Lighting Spectra in a Plant Factory on the Growth, Physiological Traits and Essential Oil Content of Lemon Balm (<i>Melissa officinalis</i>) |
| title_sort | impact of led lighting spectra in a plant factory on the growth physiological traits and essential oil content of lemon balm i melissa officinalis i |
| topic | vertical farming 435 nm 450 nm white light light quality growth |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/342 |
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