Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel
Fluvial Acoustic Tomography (FAT) is a powerful hydroacoustic system used in the investigations of estuarine dynamics. This research was designed to explore the effectiveness of using a novel and promising method of monitoring the continuous salinity intrusion and velocity distribution in a tidal ch...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-10-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/11/1180 |
| _version_ | 1797509809474371584 |
|---|---|
| author | Hiep Thi Nguyen Kiyosi Kawanisi Mohamad Basel Al Sawaf |
| author_facet | Hiep Thi Nguyen Kiyosi Kawanisi Mohamad Basel Al Sawaf |
| author_sort | Hiep Thi Nguyen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fluvial Acoustic Tomography (FAT) is a powerful hydroacoustic system used in the investigations of estuarine dynamics. This research was designed to explore the effectiveness of using a novel and promising method of monitoring the continuous salinity intrusion and velocity distribution in a tidal channel using the FAT scheme. Four FAT units were installed near the riverbanks using a new zigzag system in a rectangular tomographic domain of 700 m × 170 m. The water velocities and salinities measured by FAT in this study were comparable to the data captured by traditional methods, including moving-boat Stream–Pro ADCP, CTD, and CT sensors. It was found that the delays in time between the maximum salinity and high water level along the channel ranged from 12 min to 1.5 h, with these time lags increasing seaward, primarily due to changes in freshwater flows upstream. In addition, the longitudinal salinity gradient was found to decrease toward the mouth of the river, with tide-driven mechanisms most likely being dominant in the dispersion process. The estuary is ebb-dominant, with an asymmetry in the ebb-tide and flood-tide velocities and the highest velocities occurring during the ebb tide. Furthermore, the residual current was found to be affected primarily by the freshwater discharge from upstream. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:24:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cdd1bf493e73402190901c751603afe2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:24:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-cdd1bf493e73402190901c751603afe22023-11-22T23:52:58ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122021-10-01911118010.3390/jmse9111180Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal ChannelHiep Thi Nguyen0Kiyosi Kawanisi1Mohamad Basel Al Sawaf2Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, JapanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, JapanDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hiroshima University, 1-4-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8527, JapanFluvial Acoustic Tomography (FAT) is a powerful hydroacoustic system used in the investigations of estuarine dynamics. This research was designed to explore the effectiveness of using a novel and promising method of monitoring the continuous salinity intrusion and velocity distribution in a tidal channel using the FAT scheme. Four FAT units were installed near the riverbanks using a new zigzag system in a rectangular tomographic domain of 700 m × 170 m. The water velocities and salinities measured by FAT in this study were comparable to the data captured by traditional methods, including moving-boat Stream–Pro ADCP, CTD, and CT sensors. It was found that the delays in time between the maximum salinity and high water level along the channel ranged from 12 min to 1.5 h, with these time lags increasing seaward, primarily due to changes in freshwater flows upstream. In addition, the longitudinal salinity gradient was found to decrease toward the mouth of the river, with tide-driven mechanisms most likely being dominant in the dispersion process. The estuary is ebb-dominant, with an asymmetry in the ebb-tide and flood-tide velocities and the highest velocities occurring during the ebb tide. Furthermore, the residual current was found to be affected primarily by the freshwater discharge from upstream.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/11/1180tidal flowsalinity distributionhydroacousticsestuary |
| spellingShingle | Hiep Thi Nguyen Kiyosi Kawanisi Mohamad Basel Al Sawaf Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel Journal of Marine Science and Engineering tidal flow salinity distribution hydroacoustics estuary |
| title | Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel |
| title_full | Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel |
| title_fullStr | Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel |
| title_short | Acoustic Monitoring of Tidal Flow and Salinity in a Tidal Channel |
| title_sort | acoustic monitoring of tidal flow and salinity in a tidal channel |
| topic | tidal flow salinity distribution hydroacoustics estuary |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/9/11/1180 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hiepthinguyen acousticmonitoringoftidalflowandsalinityinatidalchannel AT kiyosikawanisi acousticmonitoringoftidalflowandsalinityinatidalchannel AT mohamadbaselalsawaf acousticmonitoringoftidalflowandsalinityinatidalchannel |