Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants
Artificial small RNAs (art-sRNAs), such as artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) and synthetic trans-acting small interfering RNAs (syn-tasiRNAs), are highly specific 21-nucleotide small RNAs designed to recognize and silence complementary target RNAs. Art-sRNAs are extensively used in gene function studie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/6/669 |
| _version_ | 1797567045755207680 |
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| author | Adriana E. Cisneros Alberto Carbonell |
| author_facet | Adriana E. Cisneros Alberto Carbonell |
| author_sort | Adriana E. Cisneros |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Artificial small RNAs (art-sRNAs), such as artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) and synthetic trans-acting small interfering RNAs (syn-tasiRNAs), are highly specific 21-nucleotide small RNAs designed to recognize and silence complementary target RNAs. Art-sRNAs are extensively used in gene function studies or for improving crops, particularly to protect plants against viruses. Typically, antiviral art-sRNAs are computationally designed to target one or multiple sites in viral RNAs with high specificity, and art-sRNA constructs are generated and introduced into plants that are subsequently challenged with the target virus(es). Numerous studies have reported the successful application of art-sRNAs to induce resistance against a large number of RNA and DNA viruses in model and crop species. However, the application of art-sRNAs as an antiviral tool has limitations, such as the difficulty to predict the efficacy of a particular art-sRNA or the emergence of virus variants with mutated target sites escaping to art-sRNA-mediated degradation. Here, we review the different classes, features, and uses of art-sRNA-based tools to induce antiviral resistance in plants. We also provide strategies for the rational design of antiviral art-sRNAs and discuss the latest advances in developing art-sRNA-based methodologies for enhanced resistance to plant viruses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:36:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cdeb55f5e16741538146917038ab5bdc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:36:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-cdeb55f5e16741538146917038ab5bdc2023-11-20T01:44:12ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472020-05-019666910.3390/plants9060669Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in PlantsAdriana E. Cisneros0Alberto Carbonell1Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainInstituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainArtificial small RNAs (art-sRNAs), such as artificial microRNAs (amiRNAs) and synthetic trans-acting small interfering RNAs (syn-tasiRNAs), are highly specific 21-nucleotide small RNAs designed to recognize and silence complementary target RNAs. Art-sRNAs are extensively used in gene function studies or for improving crops, particularly to protect plants against viruses. Typically, antiviral art-sRNAs are computationally designed to target one or multiple sites in viral RNAs with high specificity, and art-sRNA constructs are generated and introduced into plants that are subsequently challenged with the target virus(es). Numerous studies have reported the successful application of art-sRNAs to induce resistance against a large number of RNA and DNA viruses in model and crop species. However, the application of art-sRNAs as an antiviral tool has limitations, such as the difficulty to predict the efficacy of a particular art-sRNA or the emergence of virus variants with mutated target sites escaping to art-sRNA-mediated degradation. Here, we review the different classes, features, and uses of art-sRNA-based tools to induce antiviral resistance in plants. We also provide strategies for the rational design of antiviral art-sRNAs and discuss the latest advances in developing art-sRNA-based methodologies for enhanced resistance to plant viruses.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/6/669RNA silencingartificial small RNAamiRNAatasiRNAsyn-tasiRNAantiviral resistance |
| spellingShingle | Adriana E. Cisneros Alberto Carbonell Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants Plants RNA silencing artificial small RNA amiRNA atasiRNA syn-tasiRNA antiviral resistance |
| title | Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants |
| title_full | Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants |
| title_fullStr | Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants |
| title_short | Artificial Small RNA-Based Silencing Tools for Antiviral Resistance in Plants |
| title_sort | artificial small rna based silencing tools for antiviral resistance in plants |
| topic | RNA silencing artificial small RNA amiRNA atasiRNA syn-tasiRNA antiviral resistance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/9/6/669 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adrianaecisneros artificialsmallrnabasedsilencingtoolsforantiviralresistanceinplants AT albertocarbonell artificialsmallrnabasedsilencingtoolsforantiviralresistanceinplants |