Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer?
In the last decade, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several hematological and solid malignancies, reporting unprecedented response rates. Unfortunately, this is not the case for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), as several phase I and II trials asse...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2051 |
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| author | Alessandro Rizzo Veronica Mollica Alessia Cimadamore Matteo Santoni Marina Scarpelli Francesca Giunchi Liang Cheng Antonio Lopez-Beltran Michelangelo Fiorentino Rodolfo Montironi Francesco Massari |
| author_facet | Alessandro Rizzo Veronica Mollica Alessia Cimadamore Matteo Santoni Marina Scarpelli Francesca Giunchi Liang Cheng Antonio Lopez-Beltran Michelangelo Fiorentino Rodolfo Montironi Francesco Massari |
| author_sort | Alessandro Rizzo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the last decade, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several hematological and solid malignancies, reporting unprecedented response rates. Unfortunately, this is not the case for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), as several phase I and II trials assessing programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors have shown limited benefits. Moreover, despite sipuleucel-T representing the only cancer vaccine approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for mCRPC following the results of the IMPACT trial, the use of this agent is relatively limited in everyday clinical practice. The identification of specific histological and molecular biomarkers that could predict response to immunotherapy represents one of the current challenges, with an aim to detect subgroups of mCRPC patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer agents. Several unanswered questions remain, including the following: is there—or will there ever be—a role for immunotherapy in prostate cancer? In this review, we aim at underlining the failures and promises of immunotherapy in prostate cancer, summarizing the current state of art regarding cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies, and discussing future research directions in this immunologically “cold” malignancy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:29:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-cdfd8d5f1807405383cf882dd8b932ab |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:29:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-cdfd8d5f1807405383cf882dd8b932ab2023-11-20T12:59:12ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-09-0199205110.3390/cells9092051Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer?Alessandro Rizzo0Veronica Mollica1Alessia Cimadamore2Matteo Santoni3Marina Scarpelli4Francesca Giunchi5Liang Cheng6Antonio Lopez-Beltran7Michelangelo Fiorentino8Rodolfo Montironi9Francesco Massari10Oncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 40138 Bologna, ItalyOncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 40138 Bologna, ItalySection of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, ItalyOncology Unit, Macerata Hospital, 62012 Macerata, ItalySection of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, ItalyDepartment of Pathology, Ospedale Maggiore and University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalyLaboratory Medicine and Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USADepartment of Surgery, Cordoba University Medical School, 14071 Cordoba, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Ospedale Maggiore and University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, ItalySection of Pathological Anatomy, School of Medicine, Polytechnic University of the Marche Region, United Hospitals, 60126 Ancona, ItalyOncologia Medica, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, via Albertoni, 40138 Bologna, ItalyIn the last decade, immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of several hematological and solid malignancies, reporting unprecedented response rates. Unfortunately, this is not the case for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), as several phase I and II trials assessing programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitors have shown limited benefits. Moreover, despite sipuleucel-T representing the only cancer vaccine approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for mCRPC following the results of the IMPACT trial, the use of this agent is relatively limited in everyday clinical practice. The identification of specific histological and molecular biomarkers that could predict response to immunotherapy represents one of the current challenges, with an aim to detect subgroups of mCRPC patients who may benefit from immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies as monotherapy or in combination with other anticancer agents. Several unanswered questions remain, including the following: is there—or will there ever be—a role for immunotherapy in prostate cancer? In this review, we aim at underlining the failures and promises of immunotherapy in prostate cancer, summarizing the current state of art regarding cancer vaccines and immune checkpoint monoclonal antibodies, and discussing future research directions in this immunologically “cold” malignancy.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2051prostate cancerimmunotherapypd-1CTLA-4predictive biomarkersvaccines |
| spellingShingle | Alessandro Rizzo Veronica Mollica Alessia Cimadamore Matteo Santoni Marina Scarpelli Francesca Giunchi Liang Cheng Antonio Lopez-Beltran Michelangelo Fiorentino Rodolfo Montironi Francesco Massari Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? Cells prostate cancer immunotherapy pd-1 CTLA-4 predictive biomarkers vaccines |
| title | Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? |
| title_full | Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? |
| title_fullStr | Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? |
| title_short | Is There a Role for Immunotherapy in Prostate Cancer? |
| title_sort | is there a role for immunotherapy in prostate cancer |
| topic | prostate cancer immunotherapy pd-1 CTLA-4 predictive biomarkers vaccines |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/9/2051 |
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