High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study
Abstract Background Determining the prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) is important to assess the effectiveness of first-line therapies. To determine PDR prevalence in Papua New Guinea (PNG), we conducted a nationally representative survey. Methods We used a two-stage cluster samp...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2022-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07264-y |
| _version_ | 1818774742045294592 |
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| author | Janet Gare Ben Toto Percy Pokeya Linh-Vi Le Nick Dala Namarola Lote Bangan John Abel Yamba Kevin Soli Joshua DeVos Heather Paulin Nick Wagar Du-Ping Zheng Takeshi Nishijima Peniel Boas Angela Kelly-Hanku Anup Gurung |
| author_facet | Janet Gare Ben Toto Percy Pokeya Linh-Vi Le Nick Dala Namarola Lote Bangan John Abel Yamba Kevin Soli Joshua DeVos Heather Paulin Nick Wagar Du-Ping Zheng Takeshi Nishijima Peniel Boas Angela Kelly-Hanku Anup Gurung |
| author_sort | Janet Gare |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Determining the prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) is important to assess the effectiveness of first-line therapies. To determine PDR prevalence in Papua New Guinea (PNG), we conducted a nationally representative survey. Methods We used a two-stage cluster sampling method to recruit HIV treatment initiators with and without prior exposure to antiretroviral therapies (ART) in selected clinics. Dried blood spots were collected and tested for PDR. Results A total of 315 sequences were available for analysis. The overall PDR prevalence rate was 18.4% (95% CI 13.8–24.3%). The prevalence of PDR to non-nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was 17.8% (95% CI 13.6–23.0%) and of PDR to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) was 6.3% (95% CI 1.6–17.1%). The PDR prevalence rate among people reinitiating ART was 42.4% (95% CI 29.1–56.4%). Conclusions PNG has a high PDR prevalence rate, especially to NNRTI-based first-line therapies. Our findings suggest that removing NNRTIs as part of first-line treatment is warranted and will lead to improving viral suppression rates in PNG. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T10:45:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce03124f6e4a4a60af44b970fff04b48 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T10:45:58Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce03124f6e4a4a60af44b970fff04b482022-12-21T21:10:33ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342022-03-012211710.1186/s12879-022-07264-yHigh prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance studyJanet Gare0Ben Toto1Percy Pokeya2Linh-Vi Le3Nick Dala4Namarola Lote5Bangan John6Abel Yamba7Kevin Soli8Joshua DeVos9Heather Paulin10Nick Wagar11Du-Ping Zheng12Takeshi Nishijima13Peniel Boas14Angela Kelly-Hanku15Anup Gurung16Sexual and Reproductive Health Unit, PNG Institute of Medical ResearchSexual and Reproductive Health Unit, PNG Institute of Medical ResearchUnited States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Country Office of Papua New GuineaHIV, Hepatitis and STI Unit, Division of Communicable Disease, World Health Organization Regional Office of the Western PacificDirector’s Office, National AIDS Council SecretariatWorld Health Organization Country Office of Papua New GuineaWorld Health Organization Country Office of Papua New GuineaUnited States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Country Office of Papua New GuineaUnited States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Country Office of Papua New GuineaDivision of Global HIV and TB, International Lab Branch, United States Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Global HIV and TB, HIV Care and Treatment Branch, United States Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Global HIV and TB, International Lab Branch, United States Centers for Disease Control and PreventionDivision of Global HIV and TB, International Lab Branch, United States Centers for Disease Control and PreventionNational Center for Global Health and MedicineNational HIV Program Division, National Department of HealthSexual and Reproductive Health Unit, PNG Institute of Medical ResearchWorld Health Organization Country Office of Papua New GuineaAbstract Background Determining the prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) is important to assess the effectiveness of first-line therapies. To determine PDR prevalence in Papua New Guinea (PNG), we conducted a nationally representative survey. Methods We used a two-stage cluster sampling method to recruit HIV treatment initiators with and without prior exposure to antiretroviral therapies (ART) in selected clinics. Dried blood spots were collected and tested for PDR. Results A total of 315 sequences were available for analysis. The overall PDR prevalence rate was 18.4% (95% CI 13.8–24.3%). The prevalence of PDR to non-nucleoside analog reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) was 17.8% (95% CI 13.6–23.0%) and of PDR to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) was 6.3% (95% CI 1.6–17.1%). The PDR prevalence rate among people reinitiating ART was 42.4% (95% CI 29.1–56.4%). Conclusions PNG has a high PDR prevalence rate, especially to NNRTI-based first-line therapies. Our findings suggest that removing NNRTIs as part of first-line treatment is warranted and will lead to improving viral suppression rates in PNG.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07264-yHuman immunodeficiency virusPre-treatment drug resistanceAntiretroviral therapyPapua New Guinea |
| spellingShingle | Janet Gare Ben Toto Percy Pokeya Linh-Vi Le Nick Dala Namarola Lote Bangan John Abel Yamba Kevin Soli Joshua DeVos Heather Paulin Nick Wagar Du-Ping Zheng Takeshi Nishijima Peniel Boas Angela Kelly-Hanku Anup Gurung High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study BMC Infectious Diseases Human immunodeficiency virus Pre-treatment drug resistance Antiretroviral therapy Papua New Guinea |
| title | High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study |
| title_full | High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study |
| title_fullStr | High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study |
| title_full_unstemmed | High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study |
| title_short | High prevalence of pre-treatment HIV drug resistance in Papua New Guinea: findings from the first nationally representative pre-treatment HIV drug resistance study |
| title_sort | high prevalence of pre treatment hiv drug resistance in papua new guinea findings from the first nationally representative pre treatment hiv drug resistance study |
| topic | Human immunodeficiency virus Pre-treatment drug resistance Antiretroviral therapy Papua New Guinea |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-022-07264-y |
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