Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles
The presence of sulfonamides (SAs) in water has received increasing attention due to the risk to ecosystems. The adsorption and photocatalysis performance for sulfamerazine (SMZ) of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> supported on powdered activated carbon...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/8/2273 |
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| author | Xiaoxuan Zhuang Xing Li Yanling Yang Nan Wang Yi Shang Zhiwei Zhou Jiaqi Li Huiping Wang |
| author_facet | Xiaoxuan Zhuang Xing Li Yanling Yang Nan Wang Yi Shang Zhiwei Zhou Jiaqi Li Huiping Wang |
| author_sort | Xiaoxuan Zhuang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presence of sulfonamides (SAs) in water has received increasing attention due to the risk to ecosystems. The adsorption and photocatalysis performance for sulfamerazine (SMZ) of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> supported on powdered activated carbon (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC) nanoparticles was evaluated. The amount of doped Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> not only influenced the photocatalytic performance but also impacted the adsorption capacity. The adsorption mass transfer mechanism of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC was elucidated and is further discussed in combination with the photocatalytic mechanism. It was indicated that Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC(10%–700 °C) performed best, and the SMZ removal by the adsorption–photocatalysis of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC(10%–700 °C) reached 95.5%. Adsorption onto active sites was a major adsorption step, and external diffusion was assisted. Superoxide radical (<sup>●</sup>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) and hole (h<sup>+</sup>) were identified as the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) for SMZ removal. Benzene ring fracture, SO<sub>2</sub> extrusion and nitrogenated SMZ were proposed as the main pathways for photocatalysis. Meanwhile, alkaline conditions enhanced photocatalytic performance, while contrary effects were observed for adsorption. The adsorption–photocatalysis removal performance for SMZ in lake water was better than that for river water. It can be generalized for the potential application of photocatalysis coupling with adsorption to remove refractory antibiotics in water. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:32:00Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:32:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce098b3fde1043bcaca52a8cb5aebd202023-11-20T10:00:08ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-08-01128227310.3390/w12082273Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary NanoparticlesXiaoxuan Zhuang0Xing Li1Yanling Yang2Nan Wang3Yi Shang4Zhiwei Zhou5Jiaqi Li6Huiping Wang7College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaCollege of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, ChinaThe presence of sulfonamides (SAs) in water has received increasing attention due to the risk to ecosystems. The adsorption and photocatalysis performance for sulfamerazine (SMZ) of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub> supported on powdered activated carbon (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC) nanoparticles was evaluated. The amount of doped Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> not only influenced the photocatalytic performance but also impacted the adsorption capacity. The adsorption mass transfer mechanism of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC was elucidated and is further discussed in combination with the photocatalytic mechanism. It was indicated that Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC(10%–700 °C) performed best, and the SMZ removal by the adsorption–photocatalysis of Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC(10%–700 °C) reached 95.5%. Adsorption onto active sites was a major adsorption step, and external diffusion was assisted. Superoxide radical (<sup>●</sup>O<sub>2</sub><sup>−</sup>) and hole (h<sup>+</sup>) were identified as the major reactive oxygen species (ROS) for SMZ removal. Benzene ring fracture, SO<sub>2</sub> extrusion and nitrogenated SMZ were proposed as the main pathways for photocatalysis. Meanwhile, alkaline conditions enhanced photocatalytic performance, while contrary effects were observed for adsorption. The adsorption–photocatalysis removal performance for SMZ in lake water was better than that for river water. It can be generalized for the potential application of photocatalysis coupling with adsorption to remove refractory antibiotics in water.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/8/2273photocatalysisadsorptionsolar irradiationternary compositesulfamerazine |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoxuan Zhuang Xing Li Yanling Yang Nan Wang Yi Shang Zhiwei Zhou Jiaqi Li Huiping Wang Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles Water photocatalysis adsorption solar irradiation ternary composite sulfamerazine |
| title | Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles |
| title_full | Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles |
| title_short | Enhanced Sulfamerazine Removal via Adsorption–Photocatalysis Using Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>/PAC Ternary Nanoparticles |
| title_sort | enhanced sulfamerazine removal via adsorption photocatalysis using bi sub 2 sub o sub 3 sub tio sub 2 sub pac ternary nanoparticles |
| topic | photocatalysis adsorption solar irradiation ternary composite sulfamerazine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/8/2273 |
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