GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress
Background Infertility is recognized as a common and worrisome problem of human reproduction worldwide. Based on previous studies, male factors account for about half of all infertility cases. Exposure to environmental toxicants is an important contributor to male infertility. Bisphenol A (BPA) is t...
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-08-01
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| author | Haoyun Jiao Yinghong Chen Tingting Han Qiyu Pan Fei Gao Guoping Li |
| author_facet | Haoyun Jiao Yinghong Chen Tingting Han Qiyu Pan Fei Gao Guoping Li |
| author_sort | Haoyun Jiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Infertility is recognized as a common and worrisome problem of human reproduction worldwide. Based on previous studies, male factors account for about half of all infertility cases. Exposure to environmental toxicants is an important contributor to male infertility. Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most prominent toxic environmental contaminant worldwide affecting the male reproductive system. BPA can impair the function of the Golgi apparatus which is important in spermatogenesis. GGA1 is known as Golgi-localized, gamma adaptin ear-containing, ARF-binding protein 1. Previously, it has been shown that GGA1 is associated with spermatogenesis in Drosophila, however, its function in mammalian spermatogenesis remains unclear. Methods Gga1 knockout mice were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Gga1-/- male mice and wild-type littermates received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of BPA (40 µg/kg) once daily for 2 weeks. Histological and immunofluorescence staining were performed to analyze the phenotypes of these mice. Results Male mice lacking Gga1 had normal fertility without any obvious defects in spermatogenesis, sperm count and sperm morphology. Gga1 ablation led to infertility in male mice exposed to BPA, along with a significant reduction in sperm count, sperm motility and the percentage of normal sperm. Histological analysis of the seminiferous epithelium showed that spermatogenesis was severely disorganized, while apoptotic germ cells were significantly increased in the Gga1 null mice exposed to BPA. Our findings suggest that Gga1 protects spermatogenesis against damage induced by environmental pollutants. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce112f1d2fff4336b2775dca9fd6e739 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T08:22:05Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-ce112f1d2fff4336b2775dca9fd6e7392023-12-02T21:42:54ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-08-0111e1567310.7717/peerj.15673GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stressHaoyun Jiao0Yinghong Chen1Tingting Han2Qiyu Pan3Fei Gao4Guoping Li5The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. ChinaState Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. ChinaState Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. ChinaThe Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, P.R. ChinaBackground Infertility is recognized as a common and worrisome problem of human reproduction worldwide. Based on previous studies, male factors account for about half of all infertility cases. Exposure to environmental toxicants is an important contributor to male infertility. Bisphenol A (BPA) is the most prominent toxic environmental contaminant worldwide affecting the male reproductive system. BPA can impair the function of the Golgi apparatus which is important in spermatogenesis. GGA1 is known as Golgi-localized, gamma adaptin ear-containing, ARF-binding protein 1. Previously, it has been shown that GGA1 is associated with spermatogenesis in Drosophila, however, its function in mammalian spermatogenesis remains unclear. Methods Gga1 knockout mice were generated using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. Gga1-/- male mice and wild-type littermates received intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of BPA (40 µg/kg) once daily for 2 weeks. Histological and immunofluorescence staining were performed to analyze the phenotypes of these mice. Results Male mice lacking Gga1 had normal fertility without any obvious defects in spermatogenesis, sperm count and sperm morphology. Gga1 ablation led to infertility in male mice exposed to BPA, along with a significant reduction in sperm count, sperm motility and the percentage of normal sperm. Histological analysis of the seminiferous epithelium showed that spermatogenesis was severely disorganized, while apoptotic germ cells were significantly increased in the Gga1 null mice exposed to BPA. Our findings suggest that Gga1 protects spermatogenesis against damage induced by environmental pollutants.https://peerj.com/articles/15673.pdfGga1BPASperm countSperm morphologySpermatogenesis |
| spellingShingle | Haoyun Jiao Yinghong Chen Tingting Han Qiyu Pan Fei Gao Guoping Li GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress PeerJ Gga1 BPA Sperm count Sperm morphology Spermatogenesis |
| title | GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress |
| title_full | GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress |
| title_fullStr | GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress |
| title_short | GGA1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress |
| title_sort | gga1 participates in spermatogenesis in mice under stress |
| topic | Gga1 BPA Sperm count Sperm morphology Spermatogenesis |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/15673.pdf |
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