Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi
Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is the predominant tospovirus vector in Asia-Pacific region. It transmits economically damaging groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV, family Tospoviridae) in a persistent propagative manner. Thrips serve as the alternate host, and virus reservoirs making tospovir...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.773238/full |
| _version_ | 1818287483289337856 |
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| author | Deepak Kumar Mahanta Deepak Kumar Mahanta Sumit Jangra Priti Amalendu Ghosh Parva Kumar Sharma Mir Asif Iquebal Sarika Jaiswal Virendra Kumar Baranwal Vinay Kumari Kalia Subhas Chander |
| author_facet | Deepak Kumar Mahanta Deepak Kumar Mahanta Sumit Jangra Priti Amalendu Ghosh Parva Kumar Sharma Mir Asif Iquebal Sarika Jaiswal Virendra Kumar Baranwal Vinay Kumari Kalia Subhas Chander |
| author_sort | Deepak Kumar Mahanta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is the predominant tospovirus vector in Asia-Pacific region. It transmits economically damaging groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV, family Tospoviridae) in a persistent propagative manner. Thrips serve as the alternate host, and virus reservoirs making tospovirus management very challenging. Insecticides and host plant resistance remain ineffective in managing thrips–tospoviruses. Recent genomic approaches have led to understanding the molecular interactions of thrips–tospoviruses and identifying novel genetic targets. However, most of the studies are limited to Frankliniella species and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Amidst the limited information available on T. palmi–tospovirus relationships, the present study is the first report of the transcriptome-wide response of T. palmi associated with GBNV infection. The differential expression analyses of the triplicate transcriptome of viruliferous vs. nonviruliferous adult T. palmi identified a total of 2,363 (1,383 upregulated and 980 downregulated) significant transcripts. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed the abundance of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in innate immune response, endocytosis, cuticle development, and receptor binding and signaling that mediate the virus invasion and multiplication in the vector system. Also, the gene regulatory network (GRN) of most significant DEGs showed the genes like ABC transporter, cytochrome P450, endocuticle structural glycoprotein, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, heat shock protein 70, larval and pupal cuticle proteins, nephrin, proline-rich protein, sperm-associated antigen, UHRF1-binding protein, serpin, tyrosine–protein kinase receptor, etc., were enriched with higher degrees of interactions. Further, the expression of the candidate genes in response to GBNV infection was validated in reverse transcriptase-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). This study leads to an understanding of molecular interactions between T. palmi and GBNV and suggests potential genetic targets for generic pest control. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:41:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce242ae4871e45558e3b5d9ab4429129 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T01:41:12Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce242ae4871e45558e3b5d9ab44291292022-12-22T00:03:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-03-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.773238773238Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmiDeepak Kumar Mahanta0Deepak Kumar Mahanta1Sumit Jangra2 Priti3Amalendu Ghosh4Parva Kumar Sharma5Mir Asif Iquebal6Sarika Jaiswal7Virendra Kumar Baranwal8Vinay Kumari Kalia9Subhas Chander10Insect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaInsect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaInsect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaInsect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaCenter for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaCenter for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaCenter for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaInsect Vector Laboratory, Advanced Centre for Plant Virology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaDivision of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, IndiaICAR- National Research Centre for Integrated Pest Management, New Delhi, IndiaThrips palmi (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) is the predominant tospovirus vector in Asia-Pacific region. It transmits economically damaging groundnut bud necrosis virus (GBNV, family Tospoviridae) in a persistent propagative manner. Thrips serve as the alternate host, and virus reservoirs making tospovirus management very challenging. Insecticides and host plant resistance remain ineffective in managing thrips–tospoviruses. Recent genomic approaches have led to understanding the molecular interactions of thrips–tospoviruses and identifying novel genetic targets. However, most of the studies are limited to Frankliniella species and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). Amidst the limited information available on T. palmi–tospovirus relationships, the present study is the first report of the transcriptome-wide response of T. palmi associated with GBNV infection. The differential expression analyses of the triplicate transcriptome of viruliferous vs. nonviruliferous adult T. palmi identified a total of 2,363 (1,383 upregulated and 980 downregulated) significant transcripts. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses showed the abundance of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in innate immune response, endocytosis, cuticle development, and receptor binding and signaling that mediate the virus invasion and multiplication in the vector system. Also, the gene regulatory network (GRN) of most significant DEGs showed the genes like ABC transporter, cytochrome P450, endocuticle structural glycoprotein, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, heat shock protein 70, larval and pupal cuticle proteins, nephrin, proline-rich protein, sperm-associated antigen, UHRF1-binding protein, serpin, tyrosine–protein kinase receptor, etc., were enriched with higher degrees of interactions. Further, the expression of the candidate genes in response to GBNV infection was validated in reverse transcriptase-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). This study leads to an understanding of molecular interactions between T. palmi and GBNV and suggests potential genetic targets for generic pest control.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.773238/fullmelon thripstospovirusvirus–vector relationshipRT-qPCRtranscriptome |
| spellingShingle | Deepak Kumar Mahanta Deepak Kumar Mahanta Sumit Jangra Priti Amalendu Ghosh Parva Kumar Sharma Mir Asif Iquebal Sarika Jaiswal Virendra Kumar Baranwal Vinay Kumari Kalia Subhas Chander Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi Frontiers in Microbiology melon thrips tospovirus virus–vector relationship RT-qPCR transcriptome |
| title | Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi |
| title_full | Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi |
| title_fullStr | Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi |
| title_short | Groundnut Bud Necrosis Virus Modulates the Expression of Innate Immune, Endocytosis, and Cuticle Development-Associated Genes to Circulate and Propagate in Its Vector, Thrips palmi |
| title_sort | groundnut bud necrosis virus modulates the expression of innate immune endocytosis and cuticle development associated genes to circulate and propagate in its vector thrips palmi |
| topic | melon thrips tospovirus virus–vector relationship RT-qPCR transcriptome |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.773238/full |
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