Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians

Evolutionary psychologists have argued that the emergence of language was associated with reducing direct physical aggression and easing social functioning in small groups. If this is so, then males should use verbal or indirect aggression more frequently than females since they engage in more direc...

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Main Authors: Gail Moroschan, Peter L. Hurd, Elena Nicoladis
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SAGE Publishing 2009-04-01
Series:Evolutionary Psychology
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1177/147470490900700201
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author Gail Moroschan
Peter L. Hurd
Elena Nicoladis
author_facet Gail Moroschan
Peter L. Hurd
Elena Nicoladis
author_sort Gail Moroschan
collection DOAJ
description Evolutionary psychologists have argued that the emergence of language was associated with reducing direct physical aggression and easing social functioning in small groups. If this is so, then males should use verbal or indirect aggression more frequently than females since they engage in more direct aggression. A recent study found no significant differences between men and women's self-reports of indirect aggression in a U.K. sample. We administered the same questionnaire to 175 male and 311 female Canadian university students. Men in this population reported using indirect aggression more frequently than women. The Canadian participants generally reported using indirect aggression less frequently than the U.K. study sample did, particularly the women. These results suggest that there are cultural differences in adults' frequency of use of indirect aggression. We review a number of possible reasons to account for these different results.
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spelling doaj.art-ce33b29cb1fe4dd5802acc1ba5045a2a2022-12-21T22:45:53ZengSAGE PublishingEvolutionary Psychology1474-70492009-04-01710.1177/14747049090070020110.1177_147470490900700201Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult CanadiansGail MoroschanPeter L. HurdElena NicoladisEvolutionary psychologists have argued that the emergence of language was associated with reducing direct physical aggression and easing social functioning in small groups. If this is so, then males should use verbal or indirect aggression more frequently than females since they engage in more direct aggression. A recent study found no significant differences between men and women's self-reports of indirect aggression in a U.K. sample. We administered the same questionnaire to 175 male and 311 female Canadian university students. Men in this population reported using indirect aggression more frequently than women. The Canadian participants generally reported using indirect aggression less frequently than the U.K. study sample did, particularly the women. These results suggest that there are cultural differences in adults' frequency of use of indirect aggression. We review a number of possible reasons to account for these different results.https://doi.org/10.1177/147470490900700201
spellingShingle Gail Moroschan
Peter L. Hurd
Elena Nicoladis
Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians
Evolutionary Psychology
title Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians
title_full Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians
title_fullStr Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians
title_full_unstemmed Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians
title_short Sex Differences in the Use of Indirect Aggression in Adult Canadians
title_sort sex differences in the use of indirect aggression in adult canadians
url https://doi.org/10.1177/147470490900700201
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