Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers
Essential oils have been used in various traditional healing systems since ancient times worldwide, due to their diverse biological activities. Several studies have demonstrated their plethora of biological activities—including anti-cancer activity—in a number of cell lines. <i>Anisosciadium l...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-12-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/66 |
| _version_ | 1797497947936522240 |
|---|---|
| author | Hany Ezzat Khalil Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim Hossam M. Darrag Katsuyoshi Matsunami |
| author_facet | Hany Ezzat Khalil Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim Hossam M. Darrag Katsuyoshi Matsunami |
| author_sort | Hany Ezzat Khalil |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Essential oils have been used in various traditional healing systems since ancient times worldwide, due to their diverse biological activities. Several studies have demonstrated their plethora of biological activities—including anti-cancer activity—in a number of cell lines. <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss. is a perennial aromatic herb. Traditionally, it is an edible safe herb with few studies exploring its importance. The current study aims to investigate the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> using GC-MS, as well as report its anti-cancer potential and its mechanistic effect on HepG2 liver cancer cell lines, and conduct molecular docking studies. To achieve this, the essential oil was isolated using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed using GC-MS. The cell viability of HepG2 liver cancer and normal fibroblast NIH-3T3 cell lines was assessed by MTT cytotoxicity assay. The effects of the essential oil on cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing and matrigel assays, respectively. The effect of the essential oil on migration and apoptotic-regulating mRNA and proteins was quantified using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot techniques, respectively. Finally, computational docking tools were used to analyze in silico binding of major constituents from the essential oil against apoptotic and migration markers. A total of 38 components were identified and quantified. The essential oil demonstrated regulation of cell proliferation and cell viability in HepG2 liver cancer cells at a sub-lethal dose of 10 to 25 μg/mL, and expressed reductions of migration and invasion. The treatment with essential oil indicated mitigation of cancer activity by aborting the mRNA of pro-apoptotic markers such as BCL-2, CASPASE-3, CYP-1A1, and NFκB. The algorithm-based binding studies demonstrated that eucalyptol, nerol, camphor, and linalool have potent binding towards the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. On the other hand, camphor and eucalyptol showed potent binding towards the pro-apoptotic protein CASPASE-3. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the essential oil isolated from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> to drive alleviation of HepG2 cancer cell progression by modulating apoptotic markers. Our findings suggest that <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> could be used as a phytotherapeutic anti-cancer agent, acting through the regulation of apoptotic markers. More well-designed in vivo trials are needed in order to verify the obtained results. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce47ae0f34324577a11eea3dedae21a8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:26:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce47ae0f34324577a11eea3dedae21a82023-11-23T12:07:11ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-12-011116610.3390/plants11010066Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic MarkersHany Ezzat Khalil0Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim1Hossam M. Darrag2Katsuyoshi Matsunami3Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaBiological Sciences Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaResearch and Training Station, King Faisal University King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, JapanEssential oils have been used in various traditional healing systems since ancient times worldwide, due to their diverse biological activities. Several studies have demonstrated their plethora of biological activities—including anti-cancer activity—in a number of cell lines. <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss. is a perennial aromatic herb. Traditionally, it is an edible safe herb with few studies exploring its importance. The current study aims to investigate the chemical composition of essential oil isolated from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> using GC-MS, as well as report its anti-cancer potential and its mechanistic effect on HepG2 liver cancer cell lines, and conduct molecular docking studies. To achieve this, the essential oil was isolated using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed using GC-MS. The cell viability of HepG2 liver cancer and normal fibroblast NIH-3T3 cell lines was assessed by MTT cytotoxicity assay. The effects of the essential oil on cell migration and invasion were assessed using wound healing and matrigel assays, respectively. The effect of the essential oil on migration and apoptotic-regulating mRNA and proteins was quantified using quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot techniques, respectively. Finally, computational docking tools were used to analyze in silico binding of major constituents from the essential oil against apoptotic and migration markers. A total of 38 components were identified and quantified. The essential oil demonstrated regulation of cell proliferation and cell viability in HepG2 liver cancer cells at a sub-lethal dose of 10 to 25 μg/mL, and expressed reductions of migration and invasion. The treatment with essential oil indicated mitigation of cancer activity by aborting the mRNA of pro-apoptotic markers such as BCL-2, CASPASE-3, CYP-1A1, and NFκB. The algorithm-based binding studies demonstrated that eucalyptol, nerol, camphor, and linalool have potent binding towards the anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2. On the other hand, camphor and eucalyptol showed potent binding towards the pro-apoptotic protein CASPASE-3. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the essential oil isolated from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> to drive alleviation of HepG2 cancer cell progression by modulating apoptotic markers. Our findings suggest that <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> could be used as a phytotherapeutic anti-cancer agent, acting through the regulation of apoptotic markers. More well-designed in vivo trials are needed in order to verify the obtained results.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/66<i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i>GC-MSHepG2BCL-2CASPASE-3apoptotic markers |
| spellingShingle | Hany Ezzat Khalil Hairul-Islam Mohamed Ibrahim Hossam M. Darrag Katsuyoshi Matsunami Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers Plants <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> GC-MS HepG2 BCL-2 CASPASE-3 apoptotic markers |
| title | Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers |
| title_full | Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers |
| title_fullStr | Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers |
| title_short | Insight into Analysis of Essential Oil from <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> Boiss.—Chemical Composition, Molecular Docking, and Mitigation of Hepg2 Cancer Cells through Apoptotic Markers |
| title_sort | insight into analysis of essential oil from i anisosciadium lanatum i boiss chemical composition molecular docking and mitigation of hepg2 cancer cells through apoptotic markers |
| topic | <i>Anisosciadium lanatum</i> GC-MS HepG2 BCL-2 CASPASE-3 apoptotic markers |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/1/66 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hanyezzatkhalil insightintoanalysisofessentialoilfromianisosciadiumlanatumiboisschemicalcompositionmoleculardockingandmitigationofhepg2cancercellsthroughapoptoticmarkers AT hairulislammohamedibrahim insightintoanalysisofessentialoilfromianisosciadiumlanatumiboisschemicalcompositionmoleculardockingandmitigationofhepg2cancercellsthroughapoptoticmarkers AT hossammdarrag insightintoanalysisofessentialoilfromianisosciadiumlanatumiboisschemicalcompositionmoleculardockingandmitigationofhepg2cancercellsthroughapoptoticmarkers AT katsuyoshimatsunami insightintoanalysisofessentialoilfromianisosciadiumlanatumiboisschemicalcompositionmoleculardockingandmitigationofhepg2cancercellsthroughapoptoticmarkers |