Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia
Abstract Background Observations from different fields of research coincide in indicating that a defective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may be among the primary factors accounting for the varied clinical expression of schizophrenia. GABA interneuron deficiency is locally expre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2023-01-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S092493382302463X/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1797634995614908416 |
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| author | Jesus Pujol Nuria Pujol Anna Mané Gerard Martínez-Vilavella Joan Deus Víctor Pérez-Sola Laura Blanco-Hinojo |
| author_facet | Jesus Pujol Nuria Pujol Anna Mané Gerard Martínez-Vilavella Joan Deus Víctor Pérez-Sola Laura Blanco-Hinojo |
| author_sort | Jesus Pujol |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Abstract
Background
Observations from different fields of research coincide in indicating that a defective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may be among the primary factors accounting for the varied clinical expression of schizophrenia. GABA interneuron deficiency is locally expressed in the form of neural activity desynchronization. We mapped the functional anatomy of local synchrony in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia using functional connectivity MRI.
Methods
Data from 86 patients with schizophrenia and 137 control subjects were obtained from publicly available repositories. Resting-state functional connectivity maps based on Iso-Distant Average Correlation measures across three distances were estimated detailing the local functional structure of the cerebral cortex.
Results
Patients with schizophrenia showed weaker local functional connectivity (i.e., lower MRI signal synchrony) in (i) prefrontal lobe areas, (ii) somatosensory, auditory, visual, and motor cortices, (iii) paralimbic system at the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and (iv) hippocampus. The distribution of the defect in cortical area synchrony largely coincided with the synchronization effect of the GABA agonist alprazolam previously observed using identical functional connectivity measures. There was also a notable resemblance between the anatomy of our findings and cortical areas showing higher density of parvalbumin (prefrontal lobe and sensory cortices) and somatostatin (anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex) GABA interneurons in humans.
Conclusions
Our results thus provide detail of the functional anatomy of synchrony changes in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia and suggest which elements of the interneuron system are affected. Such information could ultimately be relevant in the search for specific treatments.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:16:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce4ac95756b443f0862bb2822eb20072 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:16:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce4ac95756b443f0862bb2822eb200722023-11-07T09:33:30ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Psychiatry0924-93381778-35852023-01-016610.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.2463Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophreniaJesus Pujol0Nuria Pujol1Anna Mané2Gerard Martínez-Vilavella3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8948-4918Joan Deus4Víctor Pérez-Sola5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5825-2337Laura Blanco-Hinojo6MRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, SpainCIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addictions, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, SpainCIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addictions, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, SpainMRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, SpainMRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, SpainCIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain Institute of Neuropsychiatry and Addictions, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona, SpainMRI Research Unit, Department of Radiology, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain Hospital del Mar Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain Abstract Background Observations from different fields of research coincide in indicating that a defective gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron system may be among the primary factors accounting for the varied clinical expression of schizophrenia. GABA interneuron deficiency is locally expressed in the form of neural activity desynchronization. We mapped the functional anatomy of local synchrony in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia using functional connectivity MRI. Methods Data from 86 patients with schizophrenia and 137 control subjects were obtained from publicly available repositories. Resting-state functional connectivity maps based on Iso-Distant Average Correlation measures across three distances were estimated detailing the local functional structure of the cerebral cortex. Results Patients with schizophrenia showed weaker local functional connectivity (i.e., lower MRI signal synchrony) in (i) prefrontal lobe areas, (ii) somatosensory, auditory, visual, and motor cortices, (iii) paralimbic system at the anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex, and (iv) hippocampus. The distribution of the defect in cortical area synchrony largely coincided with the synchronization effect of the GABA agonist alprazolam previously observed using identical functional connectivity measures. There was also a notable resemblance between the anatomy of our findings and cortical areas showing higher density of parvalbumin (prefrontal lobe and sensory cortices) and somatostatin (anterior insula and anterior cingulate cortex) GABA interneurons in humans. Conclusions Our results thus provide detail of the functional anatomy of synchrony changes in the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia and suggest which elements of the interneuron system are affected. Such information could ultimately be relevant in the search for specific treatments. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S092493382302463X/type/journal_articlefunctional connectivitygamma-aminobutyric acidparvalbuminpsychosissomatostatin |
| spellingShingle | Jesus Pujol Nuria Pujol Anna Mané Gerard Martínez-Vilavella Joan Deus Víctor Pérez-Sola Laura Blanco-Hinojo Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia European Psychiatry functional connectivity gamma-aminobutyric acid parvalbumin psychosis somatostatin |
| title | Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia |
| title_full | Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia |
| title_fullStr | Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia |
| title_short | Mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia |
| title_sort | mapping alterations in the local synchrony of the cerebral cortex in schizophrenia |
| topic | functional connectivity gamma-aminobutyric acid parvalbumin psychosis somatostatin |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S092493382302463X/type/journal_article |
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