Review of Influenza Virus Vaccines: The Qualitative Nature of Immune Responses to Infection and Vaccination Is a Critical Consideration

Review of Influenza Virus Vaccines: The Qualitative Nature of Immune Responses to Infection and Vaccination Is a Critical Consideration

Influenza viruses have affected the world for over a century, causing multiple pandemics. Throughout the years, many prophylactic vaccines have been developed for influenza; however, these viruses are still a global issue and take many lives. In this paper, we review influenza viruses, associated im...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Lily Chan, Kasra Alizadeh, Kimia Alizadeh, Fatemeh Fazel, Julia E. Kakish, Negar Karimi, Jason P. Knapp, Yeganeh Mehrani, Jessica A. Minott, Solmaz Morovati, Amira Rghei, Ashley A. Stegelmeier, Sierra Vanderkamp, Khalil Karimi, Byram W. Bridle
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2021-09-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
influenza virus
trained immunity
mRNA vaccine
sex-mediated antiviral response
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/9/979

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