Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs
Rapid commercialisation of nano-enabled products (NEPs) elevates the potential environmental release of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) along the product life cycle. The current review examined the state of the art literature on aquatic environment exposure and ecotoxicity of product released (PR) e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2868 |
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| author | Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi Raisibe Florence Lehutso Mariana Erasmus Paul Johan Oberholster Melusi Thwala |
| author_facet | Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi Raisibe Florence Lehutso Mariana Erasmus Paul Johan Oberholster Melusi Thwala |
| author_sort | Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rapid commercialisation of nano-enabled products (NEPs) elevates the potential environmental release of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) along the product life cycle. The current review examined the state of the art literature on aquatic environment exposure and ecotoxicity of product released (PR) engineered nanomaterials (PR–ENMs). Additionally, the data obtained were applied to estimate the risk posed by PR–ENMs to various trophic levels of aquatic biota as a means of identifying priority NEPs cases that may require attention with regards to examining environmental implications. Overall, the PR–ENMs are predominantly associated with the matrix of the respective NEPs, a factor that often hinders proper isolation of nano-driven toxicity effects. Nevertheless, some studies have attributed the toxicity basis of observed adverse effects to a combination of the released ions, ENMs and other components of NEPs. Notwithstanding the limitation of current ecotoxicology data limitations, the risk estimated herein points to an elevated risk towards fish arising from fabrics’ PR–nAg, and the considerable potential effects from sunscreens’ PR–nZnO and PR–nTiO<sub>2</sub> to algae, echinoderms, and crustaceans (PR–nZnO), whereas PR–nTiO<sub>2</sub> poses no significant risk to echinoderms. Considering that the current data limitations will not be overcome immediately, we recommend the careful application of similar risk estimation to isolate/prioritise cases of NEPs for detailed characterisation of ENMs’ release and effects in aquatic environments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:13:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce6902a80fcb4af495bce95079a745a0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:13:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce6902a80fcb4af495bce95079a745a02023-11-23T00:39:36ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-10-011111286810.3390/nano11112868Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data NeedsMbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi0Raisibe Florence Lehutso1Mariana Erasmus2Paul Johan Oberholster3Melusi Thwala4Centre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South AfricaWater Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaCentre for Mineral Biogeochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South AfricaCentre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South AfricaCentre for Environmental Management, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9031, South AfricaRapid commercialisation of nano-enabled products (NEPs) elevates the potential environmental release of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) along the product life cycle. The current review examined the state of the art literature on aquatic environment exposure and ecotoxicity of product released (PR) engineered nanomaterials (PR–ENMs). Additionally, the data obtained were applied to estimate the risk posed by PR–ENMs to various trophic levels of aquatic biota as a means of identifying priority NEPs cases that may require attention with regards to examining environmental implications. Overall, the PR–ENMs are predominantly associated with the matrix of the respective NEPs, a factor that often hinders proper isolation of nano-driven toxicity effects. Nevertheless, some studies have attributed the toxicity basis of observed adverse effects to a combination of the released ions, ENMs and other components of NEPs. Notwithstanding the limitation of current ecotoxicology data limitations, the risk estimated herein points to an elevated risk towards fish arising from fabrics’ PR–nAg, and the considerable potential effects from sunscreens’ PR–nZnO and PR–nTiO<sub>2</sub> to algae, echinoderms, and crustaceans (PR–nZnO), whereas PR–nTiO<sub>2</sub> poses no significant risk to echinoderms. Considering that the current data limitations will not be overcome immediately, we recommend the careful application of similar risk estimation to isolate/prioritise cases of NEPs for detailed characterisation of ENMs’ release and effects in aquatic environments.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2868product released nanomaterialsnano-enabled productrisk assessmentecotoxicology of PR–ENMs |
| spellingShingle | Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi Raisibe Florence Lehutso Mariana Erasmus Paul Johan Oberholster Melusi Thwala Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs Nanomaterials product released nanomaterials nano-enabled product risk assessment ecotoxicology of PR–ENMs |
| title | Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs |
| title_full | Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs |
| title_fullStr | Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs |
| title_short | Aquatic Environment Exposure and Toxicity of Engineered Nanomaterials Released from Nano-Enabled Products: Current Status and Data Needs |
| title_sort | aquatic environment exposure and toxicity of engineered nanomaterials released from nano enabled products current status and data needs |
| topic | product released nanomaterials nano-enabled product risk assessment ecotoxicology of PR–ENMs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2868 |
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