Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus
BACKGROUND Aspergillosis is an infectious disease due to inhalation of Aspergillus spores. Drug resistance to aspergillosis has been reported since 14 years ago. Therefore, alternative treatment using herbals began to attract the attention of the medical profession and the community, because herbal...
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Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
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Faculty of Medicine Trisakti University
2013-08-01
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Series: | Universa Medicina |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.univmed.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/margaret1.pdf |
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author | Ayly Margaret Hanna Yolanda Lies K Wibisono |
author_facet | Ayly Margaret Hanna Yolanda Lies K Wibisono |
author_sort | Ayly Margaret |
collection | DOAJ |
description | BACKGROUND
Aspergillosis is an infectious disease due to inhalation of Aspergillus spores. Drug resistance to aspergillosis has been reported since 14 years ago. Therefore, alternative treatment using herbals began to attract the attention of the medical profession and the community, because herbals are relatively safe and have minimal side effects. Neem (Azadirachta indica) is an herb with broad spectrum biological activity, but studies on the antifungal activity of neem leaves are lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of neem leaves on Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus).
METHODS
This was a laboratory experimental study using A. flavus samples obtained from bronchial washing specimens of inpatients. Neem leaf extract in ethanol (NLE) was prepared in various concentrations. Aspergillus. flavus antifungal activity of NLE were assessed by disc diffusion (using NLE at 1.0; 0.75; 0.50; 0.25 g/dL) and macrodilution (using NLE at 1.0; 0.75; 0.5; 0.25; 0.125 g/dL). Ketoconazole 0.1 g/dL was used as antifungal positive control. Disc diffusion and macrodilution were conducted using Sabouraud dextrose agar and broth, to measure inhibition zone diameter and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test from SPSS 15.
RESULTS
There were significant differences in inhibition zone diameter (p = 0.034) between A. flavus samples exposed to NLE (1 g/dL) and the control group exposed to ketoconazole (0.1 g/dL). The MIC of NLE against A. flavus was 0.5 g/dL.
CONCLUSIONS
Neem leaf ethanol extract has antifungal activity against A.flavus in vitro. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:28:23Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-ce70a12d181744499d929a5e1e20a116 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 1907-3062 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:28:23Z |
publishDate | 2013-08-01 |
publisher | Faculty of Medicine Trisakti University |
record_format | Article |
series | Universa Medicina |
spelling | doaj.art-ce70a12d181744499d929a5e1e20a1162022-12-22T00:21:36ZengFaculty of Medicine Trisakti UniversityUniversa Medicina1907-30622013-08-013228085Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavusAyly Margaret0Hanna Yolanda1Lies K Wibisono2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic UniversityDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic UniversityDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic UniversityBACKGROUND Aspergillosis is an infectious disease due to inhalation of Aspergillus spores. Drug resistance to aspergillosis has been reported since 14 years ago. Therefore, alternative treatment using herbals began to attract the attention of the medical profession and the community, because herbals are relatively safe and have minimal side effects. Neem (Azadirachta indica) is an herb with broad spectrum biological activity, but studies on the antifungal activity of neem leaves are lacking. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of neem leaves on Aspergillus flavus (A. flavus). METHODS This was a laboratory experimental study using A. flavus samples obtained from bronchial washing specimens of inpatients. Neem leaf extract in ethanol (NLE) was prepared in various concentrations. Aspergillus. flavus antifungal activity of NLE were assessed by disc diffusion (using NLE at 1.0; 0.75; 0.50; 0.25 g/dL) and macrodilution (using NLE at 1.0; 0.75; 0.5; 0.25; 0.125 g/dL). Ketoconazole 0.1 g/dL was used as antifungal positive control. Disc diffusion and macrodilution were conducted using Sabouraud dextrose agar and broth, to measure inhibition zone diameter and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), respectively. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test from SPSS 15. RESULTS There were significant differences in inhibition zone diameter (p = 0.034) between A. flavus samples exposed to NLE (1 g/dL) and the control group exposed to ketoconazole (0.1 g/dL). The MIC of NLE against A. flavus was 0.5 g/dL. CONCLUSIONS Neem leaf ethanol extract has antifungal activity against A.flavus in vitro.http://www.univmed.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/margaret1.pdfA. flavusneemAzadirachta indicaantifungal |
spellingShingle | Ayly Margaret Hanna Yolanda Lies K Wibisono Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus Universa Medicina A. flavus neem Azadirachta indica antifungal |
title | Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus |
title_full | Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus |
title_fullStr | Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus |
title_full_unstemmed | Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus |
title_short | Antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on Aspergillus flavus |
title_sort | antifungal activity of neem leaf ethanol extract on aspergillus flavus |
topic | A. flavus neem Azadirachta indica antifungal |
url | http://www.univmed.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/margaret1.pdf |
work_keys_str_mv | AT aylymargaret antifungalactivityofneemleafethanolextractonaspergillusflavus AT hannayolanda antifungalactivityofneemleafethanolextractonaspergillusflavus AT lieskwibisono antifungalactivityofneemleafethanolextractonaspergillusflavus |