Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors?
Introduction: The high effectiveness of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-i) in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) has been demonstrated. However, previous research shows that PDE5-i treatments have high discontinuation rates. Aim: The main goals of this study were to (i) characteriz...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Oxford University Press
2014-06-01
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| Series: | Sexual Medicine |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116115300301 |
| _version_ | 1797724942408613888 |
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| author | Ana Carvalheira, PhD Vera Forjaz, MSc Nuno Monteiro Pereira, MD, PhD |
| author_facet | Ana Carvalheira, PhD Vera Forjaz, MSc Nuno Monteiro Pereira, MD, PhD |
| author_sort | Ana Carvalheira, PhD |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The high effectiveness of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-i) in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) has been demonstrated. However, previous research shows that PDE5-i treatments have high discontinuation rates.
Aim: The main goals of this study were to (i) characterize the way men use PDE5-i and (ii) analyze the adherence to treatment, identifying the factors that influence PDE5-i use.
Methods: A total of 148 men with clinical diagnosis for ED who maintained the treatment with PDE5-i for over 3 years were interviewed. Interviews concerning their ongoing treatment were carried out using a standardized questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative items.
Main Outcome Measures: Physiological measures included the intracavernous alprostadil injection test, associated with penile rigidometry and penile Doppler ultrasound. The qualitative measure included two questions: “Do you use the drug in every sexual intercourse?" and “How do you use the inhibitor?"
Results: ED causes were classified as venogenic (31%), arteriogenic (23%), psychogenic (18%), iatrogenic (13%), neurogenic (8%), and diabetic (7%). Participation rate was 71.8%. Of the 148 patients studied, 75% claimed not to use PDE5-i in every intercourse. Most used tadalafil (66%), followed by sildenafil (20%), vardenafil (10%), and 4% alternated the type of medicine. Four main categories emerged concerning the factors that determine the intake of PDE5-i in some intercourse situations and not in others: (i) psychological factors; (ii) medication-related factors; (iii) circumstantial factors; and (iv) relational factors.
Conclusion: The analysis of men's narratives revealed a combination of factors that influence the adherence to PDE5-i. The psychological and medication-related factors were the most prevalent. This study highlighted the importance of taking these factors into account, both at the time of prescription and during the follow-up in order to improve adherence. Carvalheira A, Forjaz V, and Pereira NM. Adherence to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in long-term users: How do men use the inhibitors? Sex Med 2014;2:96–102. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:24:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-ce7fecd91e88437aa623c5f4272d830e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-1161 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T10:24:05Z |
| publishDate | 2014-06-01 |
| publisher | Oxford University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sexual Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-ce7fecd91e88437aa623c5f4272d830e2023-09-02T09:54:31ZengOxford University PressSexual Medicine2050-11612014-06-01229610210.1002/sm2.31Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors?Ana Carvalheira, PhD0Vera Forjaz, MSc1Nuno Monteiro Pereira, MD, PhD2Department of Clinical Psychology, Research Unit of Psychology & Health, ISPA-University Institute, Lisbon, PortugalResearch Unit of Psychology & Health, ISPA-University Institute, Lisbon, PortugaliSex—Association for the Advanced Study of Human Sexuality, ULHT, LisbonPortugalIntroduction: The high effectiveness of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors (PDE5-i) in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) has been demonstrated. However, previous research shows that PDE5-i treatments have high discontinuation rates. Aim: The main goals of this study were to (i) characterize the way men use PDE5-i and (ii) analyze the adherence to treatment, identifying the factors that influence PDE5-i use. Methods: A total of 148 men with clinical diagnosis for ED who maintained the treatment with PDE5-i for over 3 years were interviewed. Interviews concerning their ongoing treatment were carried out using a standardized questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative items. Main Outcome Measures: Physiological measures included the intracavernous alprostadil injection test, associated with penile rigidometry and penile Doppler ultrasound. The qualitative measure included two questions: “Do you use the drug in every sexual intercourse?" and “How do you use the inhibitor?" Results: ED causes were classified as venogenic (31%), arteriogenic (23%), psychogenic (18%), iatrogenic (13%), neurogenic (8%), and diabetic (7%). Participation rate was 71.8%. Of the 148 patients studied, 75% claimed not to use PDE5-i in every intercourse. Most used tadalafil (66%), followed by sildenafil (20%), vardenafil (10%), and 4% alternated the type of medicine. Four main categories emerged concerning the factors that determine the intake of PDE5-i in some intercourse situations and not in others: (i) psychological factors; (ii) medication-related factors; (iii) circumstantial factors; and (iv) relational factors. Conclusion: The analysis of men's narratives revealed a combination of factors that influence the adherence to PDE5-i. The psychological and medication-related factors were the most prevalent. This study highlighted the importance of taking these factors into account, both at the time of prescription and during the follow-up in order to improve adherence. Carvalheira A, Forjaz V, and Pereira NM. Adherence to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in long-term users: How do men use the inhibitors? Sex Med 2014;2:96–102.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116115300301Erectile DysfunctionPDE5 InhibitorsAdherenceED Causes |
| spellingShingle | Ana Carvalheira, PhD Vera Forjaz, MSc Nuno Monteiro Pereira, MD, PhD Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors? Sexual Medicine Erectile Dysfunction PDE5 Inhibitors Adherence ED Causes |
| title | Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors? |
| title_full | Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors? |
| title_fullStr | Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors? |
| title_short | Adherence to Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction in Long-Term Users: How Do Men Use the Inhibitors? |
| title_sort | adherence to phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction in long term users how do men use the inhibitors |
| topic | Erectile Dysfunction PDE5 Inhibitors Adherence ED Causes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2050116115300301 |
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